In recent years, one of the main challenges of our planet is to reduce environmental pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. In the transport sector, this task can be made possible thanks to the progressive development of electric vehicles (EVs) which are becoming the best alternative to vehicles powered by oil-based fuels. This thesis studies the integration of the electric vehicle’s charging station in a private home and different unidirectional charging strategies (V1G), such as: uncontrolled charging strategy, controlled charging strategy and finally immediate charging. First of all, a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP formulation) has been formulated: a mathematical model which allows to choose the best design and operating performance with the objective of minimizing the total annual cost. The study is based on a "Home" system which consist of photovoltaic panels, storage batteries and an electric vehicle charging station. From the simulations carried out, the controlled charging strategy is the best home charging method: it allows to adopt always a single-phase configuration and to have a savings in the bill of about 20%. In addition, the introduction of solar panels (2030) leads an additional savings in the bill of about 7,4% compared to the case without solar field. The sensitivity analysis for the immediate charging for 2030, shows that an increase in the state of charge requested by the user corresponds to an increase in the total annual cost, but the electric bill can be reduced thanks to an efficient integration of PV and BESS, which allows to have a high domestic self-consumption, to limit the energy exchange with the main grid and 〖CO〗_2 emissions.
Negli ultimi anni, una delle sfide principali del nostro pianeta è quella di ridurre l’inquinamento ambientale e le emissioni di gas serra. Nel settore dei trasporti questo è reso possibile grazie alla crescente diffusione del veicolo elettrico caratterizzato da zero emissioni, che sta diventando la miglior alternativa ai motori alimentati da combustibili fossili. In questa tesi si studia l’integrazione della colonnina di ricarica del veicolo elettrico in un’abitazione privata e diverse strategie di ricarica unidirezionali (V1G), quali: la modalità di ricarica con colonnina non regolabile, quella con colonnina regolabile ed infine la strategia di ricarica immediata. Prima di tutto è stato formulato un Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP formulation), un modello matematico in grado di garantire il miglior design e le migliori prestazioni operative minimizzando i costi totali del sistema: lo studio si basa su un sistema “Casa” dotato di pannelli fotovoltaici, batterie di accumulo ed una stazione di ricarica del veicolo elettrico. Dalle simulazioni svolte, la strategia con colonnina regolabile risulta essere la modalità di ricarica domestica migliore: essa permette di adottare sempre una configurazione monofase ed avere un risparmio in bolletta di circa il 20%. Inoltre l’introduzione di pannelli solari (2030) consente di avere un ulteriore risparmio in bolletta del 7,4% rispetto al caso in cui non è presente il campo solare. Dall’analisi di sensibilità svolta sulla strategia di ricarica immediata per il 2030, emerge che ad un aumento dello stato di carica richiesto dall’utente, corrisponde un incremento dei costi totali annui, ma il costo annuo in bolletta può ridursi grazie ad un’efficiente integrazione di PV e BESS, i quali consentono di avere un elevato autoconsumo domestico, di limitare gli scambi energetici con la rete principale e di ridurre le emissioni di 〖CO〗_2 in atmosfera.
Home charging strategies for an electric vehicle : a mathematical optimization problem
FERRARIO, CHIARA
2019/2020
Abstract
In recent years, one of the main challenges of our planet is to reduce environmental pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. In the transport sector, this task can be made possible thanks to the progressive development of electric vehicles (EVs) which are becoming the best alternative to vehicles powered by oil-based fuels. This thesis studies the integration of the electric vehicle’s charging station in a private home and different unidirectional charging strategies (V1G), such as: uncontrolled charging strategy, controlled charging strategy and finally immediate charging. First of all, a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP formulation) has been formulated: a mathematical model which allows to choose the best design and operating performance with the objective of minimizing the total annual cost. The study is based on a "Home" system which consist of photovoltaic panels, storage batteries and an electric vehicle charging station. From the simulations carried out, the controlled charging strategy is the best home charging method: it allows to adopt always a single-phase configuration and to have a savings in the bill of about 20%. In addition, the introduction of solar panels (2030) leads an additional savings in the bill of about 7,4% compared to the case without solar field. The sensitivity analysis for the immediate charging for 2030, shows that an increase in the state of charge requested by the user corresponds to an increase in the total annual cost, but the electric bill can be reduced thanks to an efficient integration of PV and BESS, which allows to have a high domestic self-consumption, to limit the energy exchange with the main grid and 〖CO〗_2 emissions.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
2021_04_Ferrario.pdf
accessibile in internet solo dagli utenti autorizzati
Descrizione: Testo della tesi
Dimensione
1.4 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
1.4 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
I documenti in POLITesi sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
https://hdl.handle.net/10589/175469