The goal of this Thesis project is to carry out a microrheological analysis of a polymeric system to derive its viscoelastic properties. The model system analyzed is a thermoreversible physical gel obtained from an aqueous solution of a polymer known under the name of Mebiol. The latter is obtained from the copolymerization of PNIPAAm [poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-nbutyl methacrylate)] and PEG [poly(ethylene glycol)]. Dilute solutions of Mebiol find great interest in different applications as they form a thermoreversible and biocompatible hydrogel with a sol-gel transition temperature around the body temperature. Microrheology exploits the motion related to thermal agitation of probe particles dispersed in the material to extrapolate the rheological properties at the micrometric scale. The analysis of these properties represents a key step in the characterization process of a material. As far as physical gels are concerned, in which the transient nature of the bonds involves continuous ruptures and reconstructions of the latter, the macroscopic properties often differ from those on a microscopic scale. In the first part of this work, a modern analysis technique is presented, and subsequently developed, which combines the advantages of imaging with those of scattering using only an optical microscope. The technique is called Differential Dynamic Microscopy (DDM). The latter, after having been validated on a known system, will be used to monitor the dynamics of the tracers inserted in the sample under analysis in a temperature-controlled cell. In the second part, from the extrapolation of the mean square displacement of the tracers employing DDM, the microrheological analysis will be carried out on different concentrations of aqueous solutions of Mebiol. The results obtained will then be compared with other techniques that allow the extraction of the rheological properties of the complex fluid under examination. Among these, one was developed in this Thesis work by combining the use of tracers and an analytical centrifuge.
L'obiettivo in questo progetto di Tesi è effettuare un'analisi microreologica di un sistema polimerico per ricavarne le proprietà viscoelastiche. Il sistema modello analizzato è un gel fisico termoreversibile ottenuto da una soluzione acquosa di un polimero noto con il nome di Mebiol. Quest'ultimo è stato ottenuto dalla copolimerizzazione di PNIPAAm e PEG. Soluzioni diluite di Mebiol trovano grande interesse in diverse applicazioni in quanto formano un idrogel termoreversibile e biocompatibile con una temperatura di transizione sol-gel intorno a quella corporea. La microreologia sfrutta il moto di agitazione termica di particelle sonda disperse nel materiale per estrapolare le proprietà reologiche alla scala micrometrica. L'analisi di suddette proprietà rappresenta un tassello chiave nel processo di caratterizzazione di un materiale. Per quanto concerne i gel fisici, in cui la natura transiente dei legami comporta una dinamica di continue rotture e ricostruzioni di quest'ultimi, le proprietà macroscopiche spesso differiscono da quelle su scala microscopica. Nella prima parte di questo lavoro viene presentata, e successivamente sviluppata, una moderna tecnica di analisi che combina i vantaggi dell'imaging a quelli dello scattering utilizzando esclusivamente un microscopio ottico. La tecnica prende il nome di Differential Dynamic Microscopy (DDM). Quest'ultima, dopo essere stata validata su un sistema noto, verrà utilizzata per monitorare la dinamica dei traccianti inseriti nel campione sotto analisi in una cella a temperatura controllata. Nella seconda parte, dall'estrapolazione dello spostamento quadratico medio dei traccianti per mezzo della DDM, verrà condotta l'analisi microreologica su diverse concentrazioni di soluzioni diluite di Mebiol. I risultati ottenuti saranno successivamente confrontati con altre tecniche che consentono di estrarre le proprietà reologiche del fluido complesso in esame. Tra queste, una è stata sviluppata in questo lavoro di Tesi combinando l'uso di traccianti e una centrifuga analitica.
Mechanical properties of a physical gel at the micro-scale using tracer particles
Aliprandi, Federico
2020/2021
Abstract
The goal of this Thesis project is to carry out a microrheological analysis of a polymeric system to derive its viscoelastic properties. The model system analyzed is a thermoreversible physical gel obtained from an aqueous solution of a polymer known under the name of Mebiol. The latter is obtained from the copolymerization of PNIPAAm [poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-nbutyl methacrylate)] and PEG [poly(ethylene glycol)]. Dilute solutions of Mebiol find great interest in different applications as they form a thermoreversible and biocompatible hydrogel with a sol-gel transition temperature around the body temperature. Microrheology exploits the motion related to thermal agitation of probe particles dispersed in the material to extrapolate the rheological properties at the micrometric scale. The analysis of these properties represents a key step in the characterization process of a material. As far as physical gels are concerned, in which the transient nature of the bonds involves continuous ruptures and reconstructions of the latter, the macroscopic properties often differ from those on a microscopic scale. In the first part of this work, a modern analysis technique is presented, and subsequently developed, which combines the advantages of imaging with those of scattering using only an optical microscope. The technique is called Differential Dynamic Microscopy (DDM). The latter, after having been validated on a known system, will be used to monitor the dynamics of the tracers inserted in the sample under analysis in a temperature-controlled cell. In the second part, from the extrapolation of the mean square displacement of the tracers employing DDM, the microrheological analysis will be carried out on different concentrations of aqueous solutions of Mebiol. The results obtained will then be compared with other techniques that allow the extraction of the rheological properties of the complex fluid under examination. Among these, one was developed in this Thesis work by combining the use of tracers and an analytical centrifuge.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/175830