Climate change is increasingly threatening urban systems and represents a global challenge that causes different impacts connected with extreme weather events and trends. Therefore, urban centers need to be prepared to cope with the impacts of climate change, in both the short and long term. The present research thesis opens with an overview of the concepts related to climate change in the field of built environment and an introduction of the two main options to deal with it follows: adaptation and mitigation. The focus is on climate change adaptation as a response to climate issues arising in the short and medium-term and, more in particular, on the so-called soft-approach strategies, seen as viable solutions to overcome the existing barriers to climate change adaptation. In this perspective and considering the urban context, the urban services sector is identified as a potential target sector with a decisive role in soft adaptation solutions: by making urban services more efficient and integrating them with climate information, through the application of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), urban centers would become more resilient. The work continues with the proposal of a novel category of urban services, named Urban Adaptation services, which includes two macro-classes and six classes of services defined in a theoretical taxonomy. An analysis of Urban Adaptation services users and providers is carried out to identify roles and interconnections. Once completed this re-definition effort, the applicative phase starts introducing the case study of Lombardy region. Different Urban Adaptation services stakeholders are mapped with the aim to validate the taxonomy proposed, by comparing it with the current real situation. Furthermore, the thesis explores the numerous typologies of ICTs that can support the delivery of Urban Adaptation services and their potential applications in urban centers. The final part consists in an analysis of the supply chain models of relevant services among the previously mapped Urban Adaptation services in Lombardy region, with a focus on information flows and management. Moving from the criticalities and gaps highlighted in the service delivery models analyzed, an urgent need for tailored support in climate adaptation processes, expressed by both public and private subjects, is detected: Urban Adaptation Consulting services are identified as an innovative and effective enabler of the design of highly context specific adaptation solutions for the Urban services sector. This is an emerging market showing a growing demand by stakeholders, which is not fulfilled yet by a specific offer. The last step is the detection of key competences required for the erogation of this novel class of advisory services that leads to the identification of Environmental and Sustainability consulting firms as the most suitable potential providers, selected among multi-disciplinary advisory firms that already dispose of proper competences to fill this role and set up this innovative function.
Il cambiamento climatico è una sfida globale sempre più minacciosa che causa vari impatti legati a fenomeni meteorologici estremi. I centri urbani devono pertanto essere pronti a far fronte agli impatti del cambiamento climatico, sia nel breve sia nel lungo termine. La presente tesi di ricerca inizia con una panoramica teorica dei concetti relativi al cambiamento climatico nel campo dell'ambiente costruito e procede con l'introduzione delle due opzioni principali per rispondere ad esso: adattamento e mitigazione. Il focus è sull'adattamento come risposta ai problemi climatici che emergono nel breve e medio periodo, e in particolare, sulle cosiddette strategie con approccio soft, viste come potenziale soluzione per superare le barriere che ostacolano l'adattamento al cambiamento climatico. In tale prospettiva e considerando il contesto urbano, il settore dei servizi urbani è identificato come potenziale soluzione di adattamento con approccio soft: rendendo i servizi urbani più efficienti e integrandoli con le tecnologie di informazione e comunicazione (ICTs) e con informazioni climatiche, i centri urbani potrebbero diventare più resilienti. La tesi prosegue con la proposta di una nuova categoria di servizi urbani, denominata servizi di Adattamento Urbano, che comprende due macro-classi e sei classi di servizi definiti in una tassonomia teorica. Si svolge poi un'analisi degli utenti e dei fornitori di servizi di Adattamento Urbano, in modo da poter identificare i loro ruoli e interconnessioni. Una volta completato questo lavoro di ridefinizione, la fase applicativa inizia con l’introduzione del caso studio della Regione Lombardia. Vari fornitori di servizi di Adattamento Urbano vengono mappati al fine di validare la tassonomia proposta, confrontandola con lo stato di fatto attuale. Inoltre, la tesi esplora e analizza le diverse tipologie di ICTs che possono supportare l'erogazione dei servizi di Adattamento Urbano e le loro potenziali applicazioni nei centri urbani. La parte finale consiste nell’analisi dei modelli di supply chain di alcuni servizi rilevanti di Adattamento Urbano tra quelli precedentemente mappati, con particolare attenzione ai flussi informativi e alla gestione delle informazioni. Considerando che i modelli analizzati presentano alcune criticità e lacune, emerge il bisogno urgente di un sostegno mirato ai processi di adattamento climatico, espresso sia da soggetti privati che pubblici: i servizi di Consulenza per l’Adattamento Urbano sono individuati come attuatori innovativi ed efficaci della progettazione di soluzioni adattative fattibili e su misura per il settore dei servizi urbani. Si tratta di un mercato emergente, con una domanda crescente dalle parti interessate, ma senza un'offerta specifica da parte dei fornitori. L’ultimo passaggio riguarda il rilevamento delle competenze chiave che sono necessarie per l’erogazione di questa nuova classe di servizi di consulenza. L’analisi delle competenze porta all’identificazione delle aziende di consulenza per l’Ambiente e la Sostenibilità come i fornitori potenziali più idonei, selezionati tra aziende di consulenza multidisciplinari che già dispongono delle competenze adeguate per svolgere questo ruolo e per istituire questa funzione innovativa.
Urban adaptation to climate change. Adaptation services as soft-approach strategy
Rota, Francesca
2020/2021
Abstract
Climate change is increasingly threatening urban systems and represents a global challenge that causes different impacts connected with extreme weather events and trends. Therefore, urban centers need to be prepared to cope with the impacts of climate change, in both the short and long term. The present research thesis opens with an overview of the concepts related to climate change in the field of built environment and an introduction of the two main options to deal with it follows: adaptation and mitigation. The focus is on climate change adaptation as a response to climate issues arising in the short and medium-term and, more in particular, on the so-called soft-approach strategies, seen as viable solutions to overcome the existing barriers to climate change adaptation. In this perspective and considering the urban context, the urban services sector is identified as a potential target sector with a decisive role in soft adaptation solutions: by making urban services more efficient and integrating them with climate information, through the application of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), urban centers would become more resilient. The work continues with the proposal of a novel category of urban services, named Urban Adaptation services, which includes two macro-classes and six classes of services defined in a theoretical taxonomy. An analysis of Urban Adaptation services users and providers is carried out to identify roles and interconnections. Once completed this re-definition effort, the applicative phase starts introducing the case study of Lombardy region. Different Urban Adaptation services stakeholders are mapped with the aim to validate the taxonomy proposed, by comparing it with the current real situation. Furthermore, the thesis explores the numerous typologies of ICTs that can support the delivery of Urban Adaptation services and their potential applications in urban centers. The final part consists in an analysis of the supply chain models of relevant services among the previously mapped Urban Adaptation services in Lombardy region, with a focus on information flows and management. Moving from the criticalities and gaps highlighted in the service delivery models analyzed, an urgent need for tailored support in climate adaptation processes, expressed by both public and private subjects, is detected: Urban Adaptation Consulting services are identified as an innovative and effective enabler of the design of highly context specific adaptation solutions for the Urban services sector. This is an emerging market showing a growing demand by stakeholders, which is not fulfilled yet by a specific offer. The last step is the detection of key competences required for the erogation of this novel class of advisory services that leads to the identification of Environmental and Sustainability consulting firms as the most suitable potential providers, selected among multi-disciplinary advisory firms that already dispose of proper competences to fill this role and set up this innovative function.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/175965