This paper concerns an hotel located in the residential area of the city of Milan. In the field of fire safety design, this is an hotel already provided with the Fire Prevention Certificate, which was the subject of various proceedings and requests up to the year 2019, in which it received a negative opinion from the Regional Technical Committee to the request for a derogation presented. Specifically, the derogation concerned the creation of an opening in the smoke-proof stairwell, which is located in the center of the building and serves the floors from the basement to the seventh, for architectural and aesthetic reasons. As a compensatory measure, was installed a fire curtain, integrated with a water blade, which in ordinary situations remains invisible, while in case of activation of the smoke detection system, it comes into operation, going to compartmentalize the staircase, so as to avoid it being invaded by the products of combustion. The analysis covered by this thesis was conducted to highlight that, in the event of a fire in the basement or mezzanine, even if the fire curtain doesn’t work and the central staircase isn’t usable on any floor, the design conditions are still suitable for ensure a rapid exodus to the outside and, therefore, the protection of all occupants present in the structure. The protection of human life represents, in fact, the primary objective to be pursued during fire prevention design. The engineering approach to fire safety is characterized by a quantitative analysis of the time necessary for the exodus, through first the analytical and then numerical approach, with the use of the software Oasys MassMotion. Specifically, the simulation of the exodus was carried out to demonstrate the goodness of the analytical calculation of the RSET parameter. Although the latter was greater than the first, and therefore more restrictive, it has been shown, also in this case, that all the people inside the building are able to evacuate in a much shorter time than the fire resistance time. of the structures.
Il presente elaborato ha come oggetto un albergo situato nella parte residenziale della città di Milano. In ambito di progettazione della sicurezza antincendio, si tratta di un hotel già provvisto del Certificato di Prevenzione Incendi (CPI), che è stato soggetto a diversi procedimenti ed istanze fino all’anno 2019, in cui ha ricevuto un parere negativo all’istanza di deroga presentata da parte del Comitato Tecnico Regionale. Nello specifico, la deroga riguardava la realizzazione di un varco nel vano scala a prova di fumo, che è situato al centro dell’edificio e serve i piani dal seminterrato fino al settimo, per motivi architettonici ed estetici. Come misura compensativa, è stata installata una tenda tagliafuoco, integrata con lama d’acqua, che in situazioni ordinarie rimane invisibile, mentre in caso di attivazione del sistema di rivelazione fumi, entra in funzione, andando a compartimentare la scala, così da evitare che venga invasa dai prodotti della combustione. L’analisi oggetto di questa tesi è stata condotta per evidenziare che, in caso di incendio al piano seminterrato o rialzato, anche qualora la tenda tagliafuoco non dovesse funzionare e la scala centrale non fosse, perciò, utilizzabile a nessun piano, le condizioni di progetto sono comunque idonee ad assicurare un rapido esodo verso l’esterno e, quindi, la salvaguardia di tutti occupanti presenti nella struttura. La tutela della vita umana rappresenta, infatti, l’obiettivo primario da perseguire durante la progettazione antincendio. L’approccio ingegneristico alla sicurezza antincendio è stato caratterizzato da un’analisi quantitativa del tempo necessario per l’esodo, attraverso prima l’approccio analitico e poi numerico, con l’utilizzo del software Oasys MassMotion. Nello specifico, la simulazione dell’esodo è stata effettuata per dimostrare la bontà del calcolo analitico del parametro RSET. Nonostante quest’ultimo sia risultato maggiore del primo, e quindi più restrittivo, si è potuto dimostrare, anche in questo caso, che tutte le persone presenti all’interno dell’edificio riescono ad evacuare in un tempo molto minore rispetto a quello di resistenza al fuoco delle strutture.
Approccio innovativo alla progettazione antincendio : analisi dell'esodo in emergenza utilizzando la fire safety engineering applicata ad una struttura alberghiera esistente
Ramon, Francesca
2020/2021
Abstract
This paper concerns an hotel located in the residential area of the city of Milan. In the field of fire safety design, this is an hotel already provided with the Fire Prevention Certificate, which was the subject of various proceedings and requests up to the year 2019, in which it received a negative opinion from the Regional Technical Committee to the request for a derogation presented. Specifically, the derogation concerned the creation of an opening in the smoke-proof stairwell, which is located in the center of the building and serves the floors from the basement to the seventh, for architectural and aesthetic reasons. As a compensatory measure, was installed a fire curtain, integrated with a water blade, which in ordinary situations remains invisible, while in case of activation of the smoke detection system, it comes into operation, going to compartmentalize the staircase, so as to avoid it being invaded by the products of combustion. The analysis covered by this thesis was conducted to highlight that, in the event of a fire in the basement or mezzanine, even if the fire curtain doesn’t work and the central staircase isn’t usable on any floor, the design conditions are still suitable for ensure a rapid exodus to the outside and, therefore, the protection of all occupants present in the structure. The protection of human life represents, in fact, the primary objective to be pursued during fire prevention design. The engineering approach to fire safety is characterized by a quantitative analysis of the time necessary for the exodus, through first the analytical and then numerical approach, with the use of the software Oasys MassMotion. Specifically, the simulation of the exodus was carried out to demonstrate the goodness of the analytical calculation of the RSET parameter. Although the latter was greater than the first, and therefore more restrictive, it has been shown, also in this case, that all the people inside the building are able to evacuate in a much shorter time than the fire resistance time. of the structures.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/175983