During the last decade, optimistic solutions to face off the problem of high concentration of CO2 has been developed. One of the most promising technologies is the so called Allam Cycle. By using this oxy-combustion process, it is possible to obtaing high efficiency, simplicity, low costs and near-zero emissions. The department of Energy of Politecnico di Milano has been studying this cycle during the last six years, finding interesting results in terms of efficiency and part-load perfomance of the cycle in static conditions, however there are no studies focus on the energy production and on the its flexibility. In the present study, the modelling, simulation and dynamic analysis of the Allam Cycle has been developed, with the aim to verify whether or not this process can be fully controlled using traditional regulators even in off-design conditions. For the modelling and simulation of the plant, the information given by the Energy department of Politecnico di Milano has been considered. After the full construction of the model, the dynamic analysis was perform to define which variables will be controlled and which ones will be used as an inputs of the system. After additional analysis, the regulators are designed, using PI controllers in all the system. Finally, thanks to the control system, it has been possible to test the model in more realistic scenarios, getting a load ramp rate of 4% per minute, which is a competitive value in terms of power plant flexibility. Likewise, the main transients during these scenarios have been analysed.
Nell’ultimo decennio sono state sviluppate soluzioni ottimistiche per affrontare il problema dell’elevata concentrazione di CO2. Una delle tecnologie più promettenti è il Ciclo Allam. Utilizzando questo processo di ossicombustione è possibile ottenere alta efficienza, semplicità, bassi costi ed emissioni prossime allo zero. Il Dipartimento di Energia del Politecnico di Milano ha studiato questo ciclo negli ultimi sei anni, trovando risultati interessanti in termini di efficienza e prestazioni a carico parziale del ciclo in condizioni statiche, tuttavia non esistono studi relativi alla dinamica e al controllo di questo nuovo processo. Nel presente studio è stata sviluppata la modellazione, simulazione e analisi dinamica del Ciclo Allam, con l’obiettivo di verificare se questo processo può essere completamente controllato utilizzando regolatori tradizionali anche in condizioni off-design. Per la modellazione e simulazione dell’impianto sono state considerate le informazioni fornite dal Dipartimento di Energia del Politecnico di Milano. Dopo la costruzione completa del modello, viene eseguita l’analisi dinamica per definire quali variabili verranno controllate e quali verranno utilizzate come input del sistema. Dopo ulteriori analisi, i regolatori sono progettati, utilizzando i controller PI in tutto il sistema. Infine, grazie al sistema di controllo, è stato possibile testare il modello in scenari più realistici, ottenendo una rampa di carico del 4% al minuto, valore competitivo in termini di flessibilità dell’impianto. Allo stesso modo, sono stati analizzati i principali transitori durante questi scenari.
Modelling, simulation and control of the Allam cycle
Muro Alvarado, Marcelo Andre
2020/2021
Abstract
During the last decade, optimistic solutions to face off the problem of high concentration of CO2 has been developed. One of the most promising technologies is the so called Allam Cycle. By using this oxy-combustion process, it is possible to obtaing high efficiency, simplicity, low costs and near-zero emissions. The department of Energy of Politecnico di Milano has been studying this cycle during the last six years, finding interesting results in terms of efficiency and part-load perfomance of the cycle in static conditions, however there are no studies focus on the energy production and on the its flexibility. In the present study, the modelling, simulation and dynamic analysis of the Allam Cycle has been developed, with the aim to verify whether or not this process can be fully controlled using traditional regulators even in off-design conditions. For the modelling and simulation of the plant, the information given by the Energy department of Politecnico di Milano has been considered. After the full construction of the model, the dynamic analysis was perform to define which variables will be controlled and which ones will be used as an inputs of the system. After additional analysis, the regulators are designed, using PI controllers in all the system. Finally, thanks to the control system, it has been possible to test the model in more realistic scenarios, getting a load ramp rate of 4% per minute, which is a competitive value in terms of power plant flexibility. Likewise, the main transients during these scenarios have been analysed.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/177500