Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is a multidisciplinary program for the treatment of patients with chronic respiratory diseases, including COPD, and is able of reducing their symptoms. However, its benefits tend to diminish due to low patient motivation and the onset of negative feelings during physical training. Virtual reality (VR) has shown improving exercise tolerance by distracting from feelings of effort. However, in the specific case of VR, there aren’t studies evaluating whether and how VR is able to induce such effects in COPDpatients. The aim of this thesis is to define an experimental protocol that provides quantitative measures of the effects of VR during aerobic exercise on a cycleergometer. 14 healthy young subjects (age = 18-36 years) participated in a session lasting approximately one hour. The test consisted of cycling at mild/moderate intensity in 4 conditions: no VR, non-immersive VR, immersive VR and immersive VR plus a recreational task. Heart rate, breathing response measured by sensorized strap (breathing rate, breaths amplitude and minute ventilation), cycling cadence and perception of physical effort were recorded. Statistical analysis showed that heart rate (pValue=0.945) remained in the desired range, corresponding to mild/moderate intensity in all 4 conditions. No significant differences emerged in the values of breathing frequency (pValue=0.660), breaths amplitude (pValue=0.732) and minute ventilation (pValue = 0.640), showing values in line with a physiological response in healthy young subjects. Perceived physical effort (pValue = 0.224) did not undergo significant variations, although it showed a tendency to decrease in the case of immersive VR (RPE = 11). The experimental protocol presented was proved to be sustainable and suitable to meet the aims set. In addition to increase the sample of young healthy subjects, two future directions must be explored: analysing other VR factors and healthy elderly/COPD patients.
La riabilitazione respiratoria (RR) è un programma multidisciplinare per il trattamento di pazienti con patologie respiratorie croniche, tra cui la BPCO, ed è capace di ridurne i sintomi. Nonostante ciò, i suoi benefici tendono a diminuire per la scarsa motivazione dei pazienti e per l’insorgenza di sensazioni negative durante l’allenamento fisico. La realtà virtuale (RV) si è dimostrata promettente nel migliorare la tolleranza all’esercizio distraendo la persona dalle sensazioni di sforzo. Nel caso specifico della RR, non esistono tuttavia studi che valutino se e in che modalità la RV sia in grado di indurre tali effetti in pazienti con BPCO. Il lavoro di tesi si pone l'obiettivo di definire un protocollo sperimentale che fornisca misure quantitative degli effetti della RV durante esercizio aerobico su cicloergometro. 14 soggetti sani giovani (età=18-36 anni) hanno partecipato a una sessione della durata di circa un'ora. La prova consiste nel pedalare ad intensità lieve/moderata in 4 condizioni: senza RV, RV non immersiva, RV immersiva e RV immersiva con aggiunta di un task ludico. Sono stati registrati la frequenza cardiaca, la risposta respiratoria tramite una fascia sensorizzata (frequenza respiratoria, ampiezza dei respiri e ventilazione minuto), la cadenza di pedalata e la percezione dello sforzo fisico. Dall'analisi statistica è emerso come la frequenza cardiaca (pValue=0.945) si sia mantenuta nell’intervallo desiderato, corrispondente ad un’intensità lieve/moderata in tutte e 4 le condizioni. Non emergono differenze significative nei valori di frequenza respiratoria (pValue=0.660), ampiezza dei respiri (pValue=0.732) e ventilazione minuto (pValue = 0.640) mostrando valori in linea con una risposta fisiologica in soggetti sani giovani. Lo sforzo fisico percepito (pValue = 0.224) non ha subito variazioni significative sebbene mostri una tendenza a diminuire nel caso della RV immersiva (RPE = 11). Il protocollo sperimentale presentato è risultato sostenibile e adatto a rispondere agli scopi prefissati. Oltre ad ampliare il campione di soggetti sani giovani, due sono le direzioni future: analizzare altri fattori della RV e anziani sani/pazienti BPCO.
Definizione di un protocollo di valutazione degli effetti della realtà virtuale durante esercizio aerobico su cicloergometro
Bocca, Giorgio
2020/2021
Abstract
Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is a multidisciplinary program for the treatment of patients with chronic respiratory diseases, including COPD, and is able of reducing their symptoms. However, its benefits tend to diminish due to low patient motivation and the onset of negative feelings during physical training. Virtual reality (VR) has shown improving exercise tolerance by distracting from feelings of effort. However, in the specific case of VR, there aren’t studies evaluating whether and how VR is able to induce such effects in COPDpatients. The aim of this thesis is to define an experimental protocol that provides quantitative measures of the effects of VR during aerobic exercise on a cycleergometer. 14 healthy young subjects (age = 18-36 years) participated in a session lasting approximately one hour. The test consisted of cycling at mild/moderate intensity in 4 conditions: no VR, non-immersive VR, immersive VR and immersive VR plus a recreational task. Heart rate, breathing response measured by sensorized strap (breathing rate, breaths amplitude and minute ventilation), cycling cadence and perception of physical effort were recorded. Statistical analysis showed that heart rate (pValue=0.945) remained in the desired range, corresponding to mild/moderate intensity in all 4 conditions. No significant differences emerged in the values of breathing frequency (pValue=0.660), breaths amplitude (pValue=0.732) and minute ventilation (pValue = 0.640), showing values in line with a physiological response in healthy young subjects. Perceived physical effort (pValue = 0.224) did not undergo significant variations, although it showed a tendency to decrease in the case of immersive VR (RPE = 11). The experimental protocol presented was proved to be sustainable and suitable to meet the aims set. In addition to increase the sample of young healthy subjects, two future directions must be explored: analysing other VR factors and healthy elderly/COPD patients.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2021_07_Bocca.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/177854