After analyzing the state of the art of the humanitarian airdrop operations and autonomous flight, the possibility of developing an innovative ultralight aircraft that would simplify these operations from a logistical and economical point of view emerged. Thanks to the support of the MSF, the requirements of the typical mission to be carried out and the problems that might be encountered are defined. The preliminary design of the modifications of the Groppo G70 aircraft is performed in order to make it suitable for the autonomous flight and the airdrop of humanitarian aids. It has been chosen to design the modifications of an existing aircraft instead of start from a clean sheet design, so that the effort is put only on the few innovative elements; in addition to this, the future testing and certification processes will be more straightforward. The mission profile is optimized in order to obtain the greatest possible mileage range. The replacement of the flight control kinematic chain in favor of actuators controlled with fly-by-wire technology from the autopilot is designed. The loads to be launched are sized and their impact on the position of the center of mass of the modified aircraft is evaluated. Then, the longitudinal dynamic model of the aircraft is created in order to study its stability and control after the releases. The model of the payload-parachute system subject to the environmental wind shear and gust is exploited to evaluate its trajectory. Finally, through the Monte Carlo method, the dispersion of possible landing points is evaluated when there is some uncertainty in the initial data.
Dopo aver analizzato lo stato dell'arte delle procedure di lancio di aiuti umanitari e volo autonomo, è emersa la possibilità di sviluppare un velivolo innovativo ultraleggero che semplificasse tali operazioni dal punto di vista logistico ed economico. Grazie al supporto di Medici Senza Frontiere sono stati definiti i requisiti della missione tipica da svolgere e i problemi a cui è necessario andare incontro. Si è svolto il progetto preliminare delle modifiche del velivolo Groppo G70 al fine di adibirlo al volo autonomo e al lancio di aiuti umanitari. É stato deciso di partire da un velivolo esistente anzichè progttarne uno da nuovo, cosicchè gli sforzi di progettazione siano mirati ai pochi elementi innovativi; inoltre, i successivi processi di testing e di certificazione saranno più semplici e rapidi. É stato ottimizzato il profilo di missione al fine di ottenere l’autonomia chilometrica maggiore possibile. É stata progettata la sostituzione della catena cinematica dei comandi di volo a favore di attuatori comandati con la tecnologia fly-by-wire dall’autopilota. Sono state dimensionate le casse da lanciare ed è stato valutato il loro impatto sulla posizione del centro di massa del velivolo modificato. Sono stai poi realizzati il modello dinamico longitudinale del velivolo per studiarne la stabilità e il controllo negli istanti successivi agli sganci e il modello del sistema cassa-paracadute per valutarne la traiettoria. Mediante il metodo di Monte Carlo è stata infine valutata la dispersione dei possibili punti di atterraggio del pacco a fronte di errori dei dati iniziali.
Preliminary design of an unmanned light aircraft for humanitarian aids airdrop
Galbersanini, Davide
2020/2021
Abstract
After analyzing the state of the art of the humanitarian airdrop operations and autonomous flight, the possibility of developing an innovative ultralight aircraft that would simplify these operations from a logistical and economical point of view emerged. Thanks to the support of the MSF, the requirements of the typical mission to be carried out and the problems that might be encountered are defined. The preliminary design of the modifications of the Groppo G70 aircraft is performed in order to make it suitable for the autonomous flight and the airdrop of humanitarian aids. It has been chosen to design the modifications of an existing aircraft instead of start from a clean sheet design, so that the effort is put only on the few innovative elements; in addition to this, the future testing and certification processes will be more straightforward. The mission profile is optimized in order to obtain the greatest possible mileage range. The replacement of the flight control kinematic chain in favor of actuators controlled with fly-by-wire technology from the autopilot is designed. The loads to be launched are sized and their impact on the position of the center of mass of the modified aircraft is evaluated. Then, the longitudinal dynamic model of the aircraft is created in order to study its stability and control after the releases. The model of the payload-parachute system subject to the environmental wind shear and gust is exploited to evaluate its trajectory. Finally, through the Monte Carlo method, the dispersion of possible landing points is evaluated when there is some uncertainty in the initial data.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
2021_07_Galbersanini.pdf
accessibile in internet per tutti
Dimensione
6.5 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
6.5 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
I documenti in POLITesi sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
https://hdl.handle.net/10589/177947