In recent years, concern for the environment is growing among the population, and governments are encouraging consumers and companies to take action and adopt more sustainable behaviour. One of the major trends that have been driving this change is the electrification of both the power system and the mobility market. However, despite the several environmental benefits generated by renewable energy sources and electric mobility, some crucial challenges are still to be overcome. On the one hand, renewables encounter some difficulties in their deployment in large scale energy production because of their poor reliability. On the other hand, in the next decade, due to the impressive growth in the EV market, an enormous amount of end-of-life Li-ion batteries will need to be recycled. However, once EV battery’s performances are not suitable for mobility requirements anymore, reuse is preferred over recycling. They can still be repurposed in less demanding applications, such as stationary battery storage. A repurposing approach would also positively benefit the growing issue of e-waste generation. EV batteries are classified as hazardous waste because of the heavy metals contained in their modules. Consequently, the design solution that has been developed suggests a product-service system that would provide the customer with an innovative energy service for renewable energy production and storage. An investigation of the user segments present in the energy service market suggested adopting a business model that would involve two separate options for the customer. The solar-plus-storage system can be installed at the customer’s home or in a dislocated community farm. Therefore, solar energy production would be accessible also to those who experience a lack of available space at home, including apartment residents in urban areas. Through the mobile application, the customer can easily manage the solar-plus-storage system and access their personal “energy wallet”. They will have the opportunity to convert the stored energy into energy credits which can be exchanged to have some discounts on energy bills and other services. Thanks to this model, the harnessed renewable energy acquires a new economic value for the customer, who will be motivated to manage and save their energy efficiently.
Negli ultimi anni, la preoccupazione per l’ambiente sta crescendo tra la popolazione e i governi stanno agendo per incoraggiare i consumatori e le aziende ad ad adottare comportamenti più sostenibili. Uno dei trend che stanno guidando questo cambiamento è l’elettrificazione sia del settore energetico che della mobilità. Nonostante i numerosi benefici ambientali che derivano dalle fonti rinnovabili e dalla mobilità elettrica, vi sono ancora alcune problematiche da affrontare. Da un lato, la scarsa affidabilità delle energie rinnovabili rende difficile la loro diffusione su larga scala. D’altra parte, nel prossimo decennio, a causa dell’impressionante crescita del mercato dei veicoli elettrici, sarà necessario riciclare un’enorme quantità di batterie agli ioni di litio. Tuttavia, il loro riutilizzo è preferito al riciclaggio in quanto, una volta che le prestazioni delle batterie non sono più adatte ai requisiti per la mobilità, esse possono essere riutilizzate in applicazioni meno impegnative, come l’accumulo di energia rinnovabile. Anche il crescente problema della generazione di rifiuti elettronici beneficerebbe di un approccio di riutlizzo poichè le batterie sono classificate come rifiuti pericolosi a causa dei metalli pesanti in esse contenuti. Di conseguenza, la soluzione progettuale sviluppata propone un innovativo prodotto-servizio per la produzione e l’accumulo di energia rinnovabile. Un’indagine sull’utente e il mercato di riferimento ha suggerito l’adozione di un modello di business che prevede due distinte opzioni per il cliente. Il sistema di solar-plus-storage può essere installato presso la casa dell’utente oppure in una “farm” collettiva, rendendo così la produzione di energia solare accessibile anche a coloro che non dispongolo di un tetto disponibile per i pannelli solari, compresi i residenti in appartamento. Inoltre, attraverso una app, l’utente potrà gestire facilmente il sistema solare e accedere al proprio “portafoglio energetico” personale. Qui avrà la possibilità di convertire l’energia immagazzinata in crediti energetici che potranno essere scambiati per accedere ad altri prodotti-servizi. Grazie a questo modello, l’energia rinnovabile acquisisce un nuovo valore economico per il cliente, che sarà più motivato a gestire e risparmiare la propria produzione in modo più efficiente.
Raycycle. A product-service system for EV battery repurposing in solar-plus-storage
Fasano, Alessandro
2020/2021
Abstract
In recent years, concern for the environment is growing among the population, and governments are encouraging consumers and companies to take action and adopt more sustainable behaviour. One of the major trends that have been driving this change is the electrification of both the power system and the mobility market. However, despite the several environmental benefits generated by renewable energy sources and electric mobility, some crucial challenges are still to be overcome. On the one hand, renewables encounter some difficulties in their deployment in large scale energy production because of their poor reliability. On the other hand, in the next decade, due to the impressive growth in the EV market, an enormous amount of end-of-life Li-ion batteries will need to be recycled. However, once EV battery’s performances are not suitable for mobility requirements anymore, reuse is preferred over recycling. They can still be repurposed in less demanding applications, such as stationary battery storage. A repurposing approach would also positively benefit the growing issue of e-waste generation. EV batteries are classified as hazardous waste because of the heavy metals contained in their modules. Consequently, the design solution that has been developed suggests a product-service system that would provide the customer with an innovative energy service for renewable energy production and storage. An investigation of the user segments present in the energy service market suggested adopting a business model that would involve two separate options for the customer. The solar-plus-storage system can be installed at the customer’s home or in a dislocated community farm. Therefore, solar energy production would be accessible also to those who experience a lack of available space at home, including apartment residents in urban areas. Through the mobile application, the customer can easily manage the solar-plus-storage system and access their personal “energy wallet”. They will have the opportunity to convert the stored energy into energy credits which can be exchanged to have some discounts on energy bills and other services. Thanks to this model, the harnessed renewable energy acquires a new economic value for the customer, who will be motivated to manage and save their energy efficiently.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/177950