Food industry is the largest consumer good market worldwide and therefore has the ability to affect both people and environment. Nowadays, global challenges and trends are profoundly shaping its technological development, introducing new concepts, paradigms, and practices. Mass customization and shorter supply chains closer to the customer, well-being, personalised nutrition and functional foods, environmental and social awareness are the most popular drivers, that lead this continuous innovation of both processes and products in the agri-food business environment. Two of the most recent and popular topics within the academia and the entrepreneurial field are 3D Food printing, meaning the process of producing food and meal through additive manufacturing technology, and plant-based meat and seafood alternatives, representing meat and seafood products manufactured through alternative ingredients like plant-derived proteins, algae, or fungi extracts, but having same texture properties and taste of the original animal counterpart. They allow, in fact, to tackle the major environmental and social challenges, such as waste of water for stock breeding and their Greenhouse Gases emissions (GHG), animals’ welfare, human health and nutrition, ethical and cultural dimensions, etc. Anyway the scientific literature unveils a profound gap concerning the quantitative assessment of 3D food printing sustainability and of plant-based seafood produced through this technology. Environmental impact assessment and costs modelling have been already widely covered for traditional food processes and non-food additive manufacturing applications, but no one has yet undertaken the assessment of environmental and economic sustainability of food additive manufacturing, and more specifically 3D printed plant-based seafood. The objective of this thesis is to quantitatively assess the environmental and economic sustainability of the production of plant-based seafood to support food producers’ decision making. More in detail, the study focuses on smoked salmon stripes realized through extrusion-based additive manufacturing by start-up company Revo-foods, based in Vienna (Austria). This research demonstrates how sustainability analysis results enable Revo-foods management to take decisions at micro-level in order to improve process and product development, integrating product eco-design methodologies and simultaneously advancing knowledge on the most impactful parameters driving the costs of the food products.
L’industria alimentare è il più ampio ramo dell’industria di consumo ed ha quindi la possibilità di influenzare sia le persone che l’ambiente. Oggigiorno, le sfide globali e le tendenze ne stanno profondamente indirizzando lo sviluppo tecnologico introducendo nuovi concetti e paradigmi. Produzione su misura e filiere più corte e affini al cliente, benessere della persona, nutrizione personalizzata ed alimenti funzionali, consapevolezza degli impatti ambientali e sociali sono i driver più popolari che guidano la continua innovazione di processi e prodotti del settore agro-alimentare. Due dei più recenti e popolari argomenti della ricerca accademica vertono sulla stampa 3D alimentare, il processo di produzione di alimenti mediante tecnologie additive, ed alimenti alternativi a carne e pesce, a base vegetale, ovvero categorie di prodotti che pur mantenendo le stesse proprietà di consistenza e gusto della controparte animale, vengono realizzati con prodotti innovativi quali proteine di origine vegetale o estratti di alghe e funghi. Queste particolari innovazioni tecnologiche e di prodotto permettono di affrontare e superare le principali sfide ambientali e sociali, come ad esempio il grande consumo di acqua e le emissioni di gas serra dietro agli allevamenti intensivi, benessere animale, salute e nutrizione umana, credenze culturali, etc. L’analisi della bibliografia scientifica ha rivelato una profonda lacuna in merito alla valutazione quantitativa della sostenibilità della stampa 3D alimentare ed in particolare di prodotti alternativi di pesce realizzati mediante questa tecnologia. Analisi di impatto ambientale e di costo sono state già trattate ampiamente in precedenza per processi e prodotti alimentari tradizionali e per applicazioni di stampa 3D non-food, ma nessuno mai fino ad ora ha applicato questo tipo di analisi alla stampa 3D alimentare, più in particolare per la produzione tramite stampa 3D di prodotti alternativi al pesce a base vegetale. L’obiettivo di questa tesi è quello di valutare quantitativamente la sostenibilità ambientale ed economica per la produzione di alimenti alternativi al pesce, a base vegetale, per supportare il produttore di alimenti durante il processo decisionale. Più nello specifico, lo studio si focalizza su fettine di salmone affumicato prodotte mediante l’utilizzo della stampa 3D ad estrusione dalla start-up Revo-foods, con sede a Vienna (Austria). Questo studio dimostra come l’analisi di sostenibilità supporta la direzione di Revo-foods nel prendere decisioni per migliorare non solo i processi produttivi ma anche lo sviluppo dei prodotti innovativi, integrando il design sostenibile e comprendere quali siano i principali fattori ad influenzare le performance ambientali ed economiche del prodotto.
Sustainability of 3D food printing : revo-foods case study
ADAMO, GIUSEPPE
2020/2021
Abstract
Food industry is the largest consumer good market worldwide and therefore has the ability to affect both people and environment. Nowadays, global challenges and trends are profoundly shaping its technological development, introducing new concepts, paradigms, and practices. Mass customization and shorter supply chains closer to the customer, well-being, personalised nutrition and functional foods, environmental and social awareness are the most popular drivers, that lead this continuous innovation of both processes and products in the agri-food business environment. Two of the most recent and popular topics within the academia and the entrepreneurial field are 3D Food printing, meaning the process of producing food and meal through additive manufacturing technology, and plant-based meat and seafood alternatives, representing meat and seafood products manufactured through alternative ingredients like plant-derived proteins, algae, or fungi extracts, but having same texture properties and taste of the original animal counterpart. They allow, in fact, to tackle the major environmental and social challenges, such as waste of water for stock breeding and their Greenhouse Gases emissions (GHG), animals’ welfare, human health and nutrition, ethical and cultural dimensions, etc. Anyway the scientific literature unveils a profound gap concerning the quantitative assessment of 3D food printing sustainability and of plant-based seafood produced through this technology. Environmental impact assessment and costs modelling have been already widely covered for traditional food processes and non-food additive manufacturing applications, but no one has yet undertaken the assessment of environmental and economic sustainability of food additive manufacturing, and more specifically 3D printed plant-based seafood. The objective of this thesis is to quantitatively assess the environmental and economic sustainability of the production of plant-based seafood to support food producers’ decision making. More in detail, the study focuses on smoked salmon stripes realized through extrusion-based additive manufacturing by start-up company Revo-foods, based in Vienna (Austria). This research demonstrates how sustainability analysis results enable Revo-foods management to take decisions at micro-level in order to improve process and product development, integrating product eco-design methodologies and simultaneously advancing knowledge on the most impactful parameters driving the costs of the food products.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/179791