The Paris Agreement established the objective to limit global warming but after years, a significant change of pace has not yet been seen. The green transition seems more and more difficult to be realized and this is particular evident for heavy industry like steel-making, that currently accounts for 7% of overall CO2 emission. This master thesis has deepened the analysis of steel production de carbonization, evaluating the potentialities and feasibility of introducing green hydrogen to mitigate the coal-based primary route emissions (H2-DR-EAF). The first part is directed to the study of hydrogen and its green production through electrolysis. A new updated hydrogen projects database was created collecting 330 projects realized and announced in Europe within the period 2000- 2030. The analysis highlight a significant boost in projects but the capacity installed will not respect the European Commission target. The second part, instead, it is directed to study the steel production decarbonization, deepening the green hydrogen direct reduction process. A case study on ILVA steel mill has been carried out evaluating the feasibility of introducing a O,5 Mtpy production capacity of green H2-DRI-EAF, within the next industrial plan. Different renewable plants configurations has been evaluated and several issues has been identified, computing in the end the LCOP. In conclusion, prevision and necessary actions to decarbonize steel production towards 2050 has been evaluated, formulating the need to develop a green DRI supply chain and hypothesizing a road-map for Taranto steel mill reconversion.
L’accordo di Parigi ha fissato l’obiettivo di limitare il riscaldamento globale, ma a distanza di anni non si è ancora visto un significativo cambio di passo. La transizione verde sembra sempre più difficile da realizzare e questo è particolarmente evidente per i settori "Hard to Abate" come quello siderurgico, che attualmente rappresenta il 7% delle emissioni complessive di CO2. Questa tesi approfondisce il processo di decarbonizzazione della produzione di acciaio, valutando le potenzialità e la fattibilità dell’introduzione di idrogeno verde per mitigare le emissioni del ciclo integrale (H2-DR-EAF). La prima parte è rivolta allo studio dell’idrogeno e alla sua produzione verde attraverso l’elettrolisi. È stato creato un nuovo database aggiornato che raccoglie 330 progetti realizzati e annunciati in Europa nel periodo 2000-2030. L’analisi evidenzia un significativo incremento dei progetti ma la capacità installata non raggiungerà l’obiettivo della Commissione Europea. La seconda parte, invece, è diretta allo studio della decarbonizzazione della produzione di acciaio, approfondendo il processo di riduzione diretta. È stato realizzato un caso studio sull’acciaieria ILVA valutando la fattibilità di in trodurre una capacità produttiva di 0,5 Mtpa di green H2-DRI-EAF, nell’ambito del prossimo piano industriale. Sono state analizzate diverse configurazioni di impianti rinnovabili e sono stati identificati diverse criticità, calcolando infine il LCOP. In conclusione, sono state valutate le azioni necessarie per decarbonizzare la produzione siderurgica verso il 2050, formulando la necessità di sviluppare una filiera di DRI green e ipotizzando una road-map per la riconversione dell’ex Ilva.
Green hydrogen and steel production decarbonization towards the Paris Agreement
Boffadossi, Achille
2020/2021
Abstract
The Paris Agreement established the objective to limit global warming but after years, a significant change of pace has not yet been seen. The green transition seems more and more difficult to be realized and this is particular evident for heavy industry like steel-making, that currently accounts for 7% of overall CO2 emission. This master thesis has deepened the analysis of steel production de carbonization, evaluating the potentialities and feasibility of introducing green hydrogen to mitigate the coal-based primary route emissions (H2-DR-EAF). The first part is directed to the study of hydrogen and its green production through electrolysis. A new updated hydrogen projects database was created collecting 330 projects realized and announced in Europe within the period 2000- 2030. The analysis highlight a significant boost in projects but the capacity installed will not respect the European Commission target. The second part, instead, it is directed to study the steel production decarbonization, deepening the green hydrogen direct reduction process. A case study on ILVA steel mill has been carried out evaluating the feasibility of introducing a O,5 Mtpy production capacity of green H2-DRI-EAF, within the next industrial plan. Different renewable plants configurations has been evaluated and several issues has been identified, computing in the end the LCOP. In conclusion, prevision and necessary actions to decarbonize steel production towards 2050 has been evaluated, formulating the need to develop a green DRI supply chain and hypothesizing a road-map for Taranto steel mill reconversion.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/182367