The growing expansion of e-commerce in Europe as well as in Italy has led to an increase in requests for home deliveries by customers, creating many traffic and pollution issues in urban contexts. Indeed, last mile delivery is one of the most expensive parts of the transportation chain, both in terms of costs and emissions. In particular, home delivery has many negative aspects due to the high number of kilometers travelled for a low number of deliveries and due to a high rate of failed deliveries that have to be repeated the next day. These reasons together with the increasing environmental sensibility led to the development of innovative and greener methods in alternative to home delivery, including parcel lockers. This research aims to study the economic and environmental impact of a specific type of parcel lockers in an urban context, the open parcel lockers. They are devices financed by third parties and used by several logistics operators. For the evaluation, the city of Milan was chosen, where the installation of lockers in supermarkets is proposed, simulated, and compared with the classical home delivery. The results have shown that open parcel lockers are very cost-effective, and they can lead to an overall cost saving of about 54% compared to home delivery. In addition, supermarkets would benefit from investing in them thanks to the rent of the cabinets and the extra customers gained. From an environmental point of view, the saving that can be achieved is around 3%, but this is highly variable depending on the mobility behavior of customers in collecting parcels at lockers.
La crescente espansione dell'e-commerce in Europa, così come in Italia, ha portato ad un aumento delle richieste di consegne a domicilio da parte dei clienti, creando molti problemi di traffico e di inquinamento nei contesti urbani. Infatti, la consegna dell'ultimo miglio è una delle parti più costose della catena di trasporto, sia in termini di costi che di emissioni. In particolare, la consegna a domicilio ha molti aspetti negativi a causa dell'alto numero di chilometri percorsi per un basso numero di consegne e a causa di un alto tasso di consegne fallite che devono essere ripetute il giorno successivo. Queste ragioni, insieme alla crescente sensibilità ambientale, hanno portato allo sviluppo di metodi innovativi e più ecologici in alternativa alla consegna a domicilio, tra cui i parcel lockers. Questa ricerca mira a studiare l'impatto economico e ambientale di un tipo specifico di armadietti per pacchi in un contesto urbano, gli armadietti per pacchi aperti. Si tratta di dispositivi finanziati da terzi e utilizzati da diversi operatori logistici. Per la valutazione è stata scelta la città di Milano, dove l'installazione di armadietti per i pacchi nei supermercati viene proposta, simulata e confrontata con la classica consegna a domicilio. I risultati hanno mostrato che gli armadietti aperti per i pacchi sono molto convenienti, e possono portare a un risparmio complessivo dei costi di circa il 54% rispetto alla consegna a domicilio. Inoltre, i supermercati trarrebbero vantaggio nell'investire in essi grazie all'affitto degli scompartimenti e ai clienti extra guadagnati. Da un punto di vista ambientale, il risparmio che si può ottenere è di circa il 3%, ma questo è molto variabile a seconda del comportamento di mobilità dei clienti nel ritirare i pacchi ai lockers.
Assessing the economic and environmental impact of open parcel lockers : a simulation study in Milan
Biolzi, Beatrice
2020/2021
Abstract
The growing expansion of e-commerce in Europe as well as in Italy has led to an increase in requests for home deliveries by customers, creating many traffic and pollution issues in urban contexts. Indeed, last mile delivery is one of the most expensive parts of the transportation chain, both in terms of costs and emissions. In particular, home delivery has many negative aspects due to the high number of kilometers travelled for a low number of deliveries and due to a high rate of failed deliveries that have to be repeated the next day. These reasons together with the increasing environmental sensibility led to the development of innovative and greener methods in alternative to home delivery, including parcel lockers. This research aims to study the economic and environmental impact of a specific type of parcel lockers in an urban context, the open parcel lockers. They are devices financed by third parties and used by several logistics operators. For the evaluation, the city of Milan was chosen, where the installation of lockers in supermarkets is proposed, simulated, and compared with the classical home delivery. The results have shown that open parcel lockers are very cost-effective, and they can lead to an overall cost saving of about 54% compared to home delivery. In addition, supermarkets would benefit from investing in them thanks to the rent of the cabinets and the extra customers gained. From an environmental point of view, the saving that can be achieved is around 3%, but this is highly variable depending on the mobility behavior of customers in collecting parcels at lockers.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2021_12_Biolzi.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/182858