Competition is based on Supply Chains’ Business Models, not on companies’ products: the Supply Chain and its Business Model together represent the real unit of competition and, thus, a potential source of Competitive Advantage. However, the system resulting from their interplaying is complex and it is often reduced to a simple interfacing issue. An in-depth literature review outlined that these two concepts are mainly represented by static models which proved uncapable of causally linking their main variables, which leads also, in general, to an unsystematic Innovation process. Furthermore, these Supply Chains and Business Model’s tools are characterized by a different level of abstraction: the latter is mainly treated as an operational entity, driven by latter’s requirements. In this respect, this work proposes a dynamics approach which aims at integrating these two entities and successfully innovating them. The contribution is threefold: a mindset, a process, and a general framework. Firstly, System Thinking offers a holistic perspective which acknowledges the dynamical complexity of these systems, leading here to the definition of a “Supply Chain’s Business Model” thinking. Secondly, the process leverages on the System Dynamics’s theory and supports the modelling, the innovation and the implementation of Supply Chain’s Business Models themselves. People remain the process’ s protagonists and the computer simulation enabled by System Dynamics empowers their learning over the system and so their capacity to act upon it. The process effectiveness has been then successfully tested against a developed case-study about Webvan, a dotcom failure of the early 2000s. Thirdly, a nine-blocks framework has been obtained from the network of the main cause-and-effect relationships between the most common performance metrics in both Business Model and Supply Chain realm. This work proposes therefore a dynamics approach for Supply Chain’s Business Models which actually empowers decision-makers’ actions, but also a systemic redefinition of the locus of their innovation, claiming that the structure of the system dynamics is the actual determinant of the system’s behaviour itself and therefore it constitutes the actual “layer” to be addressed by the innovation in order to be successful.
La competizione è basata sui modelli di business delle Supply Chains, non sui singoli prodotti delle imprese: la Supply Chain ed il suo modello di business insieme rappresentano la vera unità competitiva di base e dunque una fonte potenziale di vantaggio competitivo. Tuttavia, il sistema che risulta dalla loro interazione è complesso ed è spesso ridotto ad un semplice problema di interfacciamento. Una analisi approfondita della letteratura ha evidenziato come questi due concetti siano principalmente rappresentati da strumenti statici, i quali si sono dimostrati incapaci di collegare causalmente le loro variabili, il che porta anche, in generale, ad un processo asistematico di innovazione. Inoltre, i modelli usati per rappresentarli sono caratterizzati da un diverso livello di astrazione: il secondo è trattato come un concetto operativo, guidato dalle richieste del primo. A questo proposito, questo lavoro propone un approccio dinamico che miri ad integrare queste due entità ed a innovarle con successo. Il contributo è triplice: un approccio, un processo ed uno schema generale. In primo luogo, il Pensiero Sistemico offre una prospettiva olistica che riconosce la complessità dinamica di questi sistemi, portando alla definizione di “un modello di business per la Supply Chain”. In secondo luogo, la metodologia fa leva sulla teoria della System Dynamics e supporta il disegno, l’innovazione e l’implementazione proprio dei modelli di business per la Supply Chain. Le persone rimangono gli attori principali del processo e la simulazione del modello dinamico tramite System Dynamics potenzia il loro apprendimento sul sistema e quindi la loro capacità di agire su di esso. L’efficacia del processo è stata poi testata con successo sul caso Webvan, un fallimento dei primi anni Duemila. In terzo luogo, uno schema costituito da nove blocchi è stato ottenuto a partire dalla rete dei rapporti di causa-effetto tra gli indicatori più comuni per il modello di business e la Supply Chain. Questo lavoro propone quindi un approccio dinamico per i modelli di business per la Supply Chain, migliorando l’efficacia dei decisori, ma anche una ridefinizione del locus dell’Innovazione, affermando che la struttura delle dinamiche del sistema è la vera determinante del comportamento del sistema stesso e dunque il vero “livello” sul quale l’innovazione deve concentrarsi per essere efficace.
Supply chains and business models : a system dynamics perspective
PELLICANÒ, DAMIANO
2020/2021
Abstract
Competition is based on Supply Chains’ Business Models, not on companies’ products: the Supply Chain and its Business Model together represent the real unit of competition and, thus, a potential source of Competitive Advantage. However, the system resulting from their interplaying is complex and it is often reduced to a simple interfacing issue. An in-depth literature review outlined that these two concepts are mainly represented by static models which proved uncapable of causally linking their main variables, which leads also, in general, to an unsystematic Innovation process. Furthermore, these Supply Chains and Business Model’s tools are characterized by a different level of abstraction: the latter is mainly treated as an operational entity, driven by latter’s requirements. In this respect, this work proposes a dynamics approach which aims at integrating these two entities and successfully innovating them. The contribution is threefold: a mindset, a process, and a general framework. Firstly, System Thinking offers a holistic perspective which acknowledges the dynamical complexity of these systems, leading here to the definition of a “Supply Chain’s Business Model” thinking. Secondly, the process leverages on the System Dynamics’s theory and supports the modelling, the innovation and the implementation of Supply Chain’s Business Models themselves. People remain the process’ s protagonists and the computer simulation enabled by System Dynamics empowers their learning over the system and so their capacity to act upon it. The process effectiveness has been then successfully tested against a developed case-study about Webvan, a dotcom failure of the early 2000s. Thirdly, a nine-blocks framework has been obtained from the network of the main cause-and-effect relationships between the most common performance metrics in both Business Model and Supply Chain realm. This work proposes therefore a dynamics approach for Supply Chain’s Business Models which actually empowers decision-makers’ actions, but also a systemic redefinition of the locus of their innovation, claiming that the structure of the system dynamics is the actual determinant of the system’s behaviour itself and therefore it constitutes the actual “layer” to be addressed by the innovation in order to be successful.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Supply Chains and Business Models A System Dynamics perspective.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/185828