The building sector has a strong impact on environment: it is responsible of about 40% of the energy consumption and 36% of greenhouse gas emission. To tackle the issue, the European Union enacted the EPBD – Energy Performance Building Directive – and financial plans to promote energy efficiency renovation measures. The recent recast proposal of EPBD impose minimum standards, namely minimum energy class in case of sale, lease or renovation. The last fiscal facilitation so called Superbonus require minimum energy class improvement of two points achieved by the selected measures. The present elaborate investigates the requirement of minimum energy standards: the meaning, the measure that might allow it, and the difficulties and criticalities that are present during the process. The initial analysis study presents a numerical indication of the effort needed to respect the requirement. The following presentation of real case studies validates the values found in the previous part. The comparison with real buildings allows to confirm the results of the analysis but also introduces the various criticalities that are met during the energy efficiency renovation process. Beside the numerical previsions, the actual professional work encounters many difficulties; it explicates in numerous steps – preliminary studies, materials choices, law requirements verification, bureaucracy procedures, time and resources managements, economic calculations, renovation actual work –, involves many different figures – architects, engineers, technicians, entrepreneurs – and must follow rigid rules. The ultimate goal of the thesis is to present the prevision of the energy need reduction required, the measures that are considered to reach the requirement, the criticalities that might undermine the feasibility of the requisites. Not all buildings present the possibility to be renovated respecting the minimum energy standard imposed. The critical approach to this obligation is needed, likewise the reduction in energy needs of such energy consuming sector. The buildings topic of interest are residential houses in the Milano Metropolitan Area.
Il settore dell'edilizia ha un forte impatto sull'ambiente: è responsabile di circa il 40% del consumo di energia e del 36% delle emissioni di gas serra. Per affrontare il problema, l'Unione Europea ha emanato la EPBD - Energy Performance Building Directive - e piani finanziari per promuovere misure di efficientamento energetico. La recente proposta di revisione della EPBD impone degli standard minimi, cioè una classe energetica minima da raggiungere in caso di vendita, locazione o ristrutturazione. L'ultima agevolazione fiscale chiamata Superbonus richiede un miglioramento minimo della classe energetica di due punti, da raggiungere grazie alle misure agevolate. Il presente elaborato indaga il requisito degli standard energetici minimi: il significato, gli interventi che potrebbero consentire tale miglioramento, le difficoltà e le criticità che si presentano durante il processo. Lo studio di analisi iniziale presenta un'indicazione numerica dello sforzo necessario per rispettare il requisito. La successiva presentazione di casi studio reali convalida i valori trovati nella parte precedente. Il confronto con edifici reali permette di confermare i risultati dell'analisi, ma introduce anche le varie criticità che si incontrano durante il processo di efficientamento energetico. Oltre alle previsioni numeriche, il lavoro professionale vero e proprio incontra molte difficoltà; questo si esplica in numerosi passaggi - studi preliminari, scelte dei materiali, verifica dei requisiti di legge, procedure burocratiche, gestione dei tempi e delle risorse, calcoli economici, lavori di ristrutturazione veri e propri -, coinvolge molte figure diverse - architetti, ingegneri, tecnici, imprenditori - e deve seguire regole rigide. Il fine ultimo della tesi è quello di presentare la previsione della riduzione del fabbisogno energetico richiesto, le misure che vengono considerate per raggiungere il requisito, le criticità che potrebbero minare la fattibilità dei requisiti. Non tutti gli edifici presentano la possibilità di essere ristrutturati rispettando lo standard energetico minimo imposto. Un approccio critico a questo obbligo è necessario, così come la riduzione del fabbisogno energetico di un settore tanto energivoro. Gli edifici oggetto di interesse sono abitazioni residenziali nell'area metropolitana di Milano.
Analysis on energy performance of residential buildings in Milano Metropolitan Area
Bersani, Carlotta
2020/2021
Abstract
The building sector has a strong impact on environment: it is responsible of about 40% of the energy consumption and 36% of greenhouse gas emission. To tackle the issue, the European Union enacted the EPBD – Energy Performance Building Directive – and financial plans to promote energy efficiency renovation measures. The recent recast proposal of EPBD impose minimum standards, namely minimum energy class in case of sale, lease or renovation. The last fiscal facilitation so called Superbonus require minimum energy class improvement of two points achieved by the selected measures. The present elaborate investigates the requirement of minimum energy standards: the meaning, the measure that might allow it, and the difficulties and criticalities that are present during the process. The initial analysis study presents a numerical indication of the effort needed to respect the requirement. The following presentation of real case studies validates the values found in the previous part. The comparison with real buildings allows to confirm the results of the analysis but also introduces the various criticalities that are met during the energy efficiency renovation process. Beside the numerical previsions, the actual professional work encounters many difficulties; it explicates in numerous steps – preliminary studies, materials choices, law requirements verification, bureaucracy procedures, time and resources managements, economic calculations, renovation actual work –, involves many different figures – architects, engineers, technicians, entrepreneurs – and must follow rigid rules. The ultimate goal of the thesis is to present the prevision of the energy need reduction required, the measures that are considered to reach the requirement, the criticalities that might undermine the feasibility of the requisites. Not all buildings present the possibility to be renovated respecting the minimum energy standard imposed. The critical approach to this obligation is needed, likewise the reduction in energy needs of such energy consuming sector. The buildings topic of interest are residential houses in the Milano Metropolitan Area.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/188220