Nowadays, Automotive industry is searching for innovative mix of manufacturing techniques and new alloys in order to reach the sustainability goal of improve the efficiency of the process chain. This work's aim is to present the combination of the fine blanking technique and boron steel alloys. In fact, fine blanking is becoming popular due to the large accuracy that it can achieve, reducing the secondary steps of the processing chain, and boron steel is particular suitable for this application thank to the high hardenability it can guarantee. The key of the combination of fine blanking and boron steel is the heat treatment: that component must be subjected to a series of heat treatments that can guarantee, firstly, a really soft structure in order to have the best response to fine blanking, and after an high strength behaviour to be suitable for the many different applications. Thus, these components are normally subjected to globular annealing, which aim is to create a ferrite structure with globular carbides inside to simplify the fine blanking cut,and it is usually performed in protective atmosphere, and after they are usually subjected to quenching and tempering process to increase their mechanical properties. Due to the large reactivity of Boron, especially at high temperature, the heat treatments must be careful design to avoid the precipitation of Boron or the creation of compounds that may block the recrystallization of the grains. The main focus of this thesis is to shown some negative drawbacks that can occurs during these particular processing chain due to the heat treatments. In particular, in order to analyse boron steels Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (AES) were used.
Negli ultimi anni, l'industria Automotive sta ricercando combinazioni innovative tra tecniche di manifattura e nuove leghe che possano permettere di migliorare la sostenibilità della catena di processo, aumentandone l'efficienza. L'obiettivo di questa trattazione è di presentare l'applicazione della tecnica di tranciatura fine alle leghe di acciai al boro. La tranciatura fine sta diventando sempre più popolare per l'elevata precisione che riesce a raggiungere eliminando molte lavorazioni secondarie che prima erano indispensabili, e gli acciai al boro risultano particolarmente adatti a queste applicazioni per l'alta temprabilità che riescono a garantire. La chiave di questa combinazione tra tranciatura fine e acciai al boro sono i trattamenti termici: questi pezzi devono essere soggetti ad una serie di trattamenti per garantire una struttura estremamente morbida prima del taglio della tranciatura fine, e una grande resistenza invece nelle applicazioni finali. I componenti sono quindi solitamente soggetti ad una ricottura globulare in atmosfera protetta, che permette di avere una struttura ferritica con carburi globulari che semplificano il taglio, e poi sono normalmente soggetti a processi di tempra e rinvenimento in modo da aumentare le caratteristiche meccaniche. A causa della alta reattività del Boro, soprattutto ad alte temperature, i trattamenti termici devono essere pianificati con estrema cura per evitare il decadimento del Boro e la precipitazioni di composti che possono bloccare la ricristallizzazione dei grani. L'obiettivo principale di questa tesi è di mostrare gli inconvenienti che possono presentarsi durante la catena di processo dovuti ai trattamenti termici. Per studiare al meglio questi fenomeni, le analisi sono state condotte mediante il Microscopio elettronico a scansione (SEM) e la Spettroscopia di emissione atomica (AES).
Failure analysis of boron steel components for automotive applications
SIRANGELO, LAURA
2021/2022
Abstract
Nowadays, Automotive industry is searching for innovative mix of manufacturing techniques and new alloys in order to reach the sustainability goal of improve the efficiency of the process chain. This work's aim is to present the combination of the fine blanking technique and boron steel alloys. In fact, fine blanking is becoming popular due to the large accuracy that it can achieve, reducing the secondary steps of the processing chain, and boron steel is particular suitable for this application thank to the high hardenability it can guarantee. The key of the combination of fine blanking and boron steel is the heat treatment: that component must be subjected to a series of heat treatments that can guarantee, firstly, a really soft structure in order to have the best response to fine blanking, and after an high strength behaviour to be suitable for the many different applications. Thus, these components are normally subjected to globular annealing, which aim is to create a ferrite structure with globular carbides inside to simplify the fine blanking cut,and it is usually performed in protective atmosphere, and after they are usually subjected to quenching and tempering process to increase their mechanical properties. Due to the large reactivity of Boron, especially at high temperature, the heat treatments must be careful design to avoid the precipitation of Boron or the creation of compounds that may block the recrystallization of the grains. The main focus of this thesis is to shown some negative drawbacks that can occurs during these particular processing chain due to the heat treatments. In particular, in order to analyse boron steels Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (AES) were used.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/188926