Recent studies showed that about half of utilized energy in buildings is consumed for Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems. Today, the nearly Zero Energy Building (nZEB) concept has been introduced where the majority of energy is supplied from Renewable Energy Sources (RESs) generated either on-site or nearby. Integration and application of RESs as the main energy resource require more Advanced Control Strategies (ACS). These technologies need to provide higher flexibility by managing and controlling the energy generation/consumption/storage in the building. Such ACS are required in an HVAC system integrated with RES to ensure optimal efficiency and lower energy losses without any impact on the thermal comfort of consumers. This research work focuses on the improvement of ACS applied to HVAC under different building boundary conditions. At a beginning of this research work, a systematic literature review on ACS in this field was carried out. This study revealed a wide variability of quantified results like operational cost/energy savings without providing a clear and systematic classification of influencing variables and correlation to potential achievable outcomes. Therefore, it is hard to find any meaningful relation between reported results from these studies with respect to energy performance assessment of ACS in building, especially on HVAC and technical systems. In addition, there is no adequate information on how and to what extent these variables may impact the results. This literature review also showed that Adaptive-Predictive Control Strategies (APCSs) have promising features that can significantly affect the energy efficiency of the system. This research project has two main goals: i) to design and develop different controls (with a focus on APCSs) for HVAC systems in residential buildings to provide energy retrofit and saving, and ii) to create a comprehensive comparison framework for these control strategies with the goal of systematically evaluate them. The comparison will be carried out based on specific key performance indicators (KPIs) identified by implementing the strategies in TRNSYS and developing parametric analyses. In addition, the numerical analysis will be performed by implementing proposed/simulated control logic in the case study buildings of the Horizon 2020 HEART project.
Studi recenti hanno dimostrato che circa la metà dell'energia utilizzata negli edifici viene consumata per i sistemi di riscaldamento, ventilazione e condizionamento dell'aria (HVAC). Oggi è stato introdotto il concetto di edificio a energia quasi zero (nZEB) in cui la maggior parte dell'energia viene fornita da fonti di energia rinnovabile (RES) generate in loco o nelle vicinanze. L'integrazione e l'applicazione delle RES come principali risorsa energetiche richiedono strategie di controllo avanzate (ACS). Queste tecnologie devono fornire una maggiore flessibilità gestendo e controllando la generazione/consumo/immagazzinamento di energia nell'edificio. Tali ACS sono richieste in un sistema HVAC integrato con le FER per garantire un'efficienza ottimale e minori perdite di energia senza alcun impatto sul comfort termico degli abitanti. Questo lavoro di ricerca si concentra sul miglioramento delle ACS applicato all'HVAC in diverse condizioni al contorno dell'edificio. Come primo passo di questo lavoro di ricerca è stato effettuato uno studio esaustivo dello stato dell’arte in questo campo. Tale attività ha rivelato un'ampia variabilità di risultati quantificati come costi operativi/risparmio energetico senza fornire una classificazione chiara e sistematica delle variabili di influenza e una correlazione con i potenziali risultati ottenibili. Pertanto, è difficile trovare una relazione significativa tra i risultati riportati da questi studi rispetto alla valutazione delle prestazioni energetiche degli ACS negli edifici, in particolare sui sistemi HVAC e tecnici. Inoltre, la letteratura ha mostrato che le strategie di controllo adattivo-predittivo (APCS) hanno caratteristiche promettenti che possono influenzare in modo significativo l'efficienza energetica del sistema. Pertanto, questo lavoro di ricerca si pone due obbiettivi principali: i) quello di sviluppare e progettare diversi sistemi di controlli avanzati per i sistemi HVAC negli edifici residenziali per il retrofit energetico con particolare attenzione verso strategie APCSs, e ii) di creare un adeguato framework di comparazione per queste strategie al fine di valutarle sistematicamente. Il confronto sarà effettuato sulla base di specifici indicatori chiave di prestazione (KPI) individuati implementando le strategie in TRNSYS e sviluppando analisi parametriche. Inoltre, l'analisi numerica sarà eseguita implementando logiche di controllo proposte/simulate negli edifici di studio del progetto Horizon 2020 HEART.
Advanced controls for HVAC systems in nearly Zero-Energy Buildings (nZEB)
GHOLAMZADEHMIR, MARYAM
2021/2022
Abstract
Recent studies showed that about half of utilized energy in buildings is consumed for Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems. Today, the nearly Zero Energy Building (nZEB) concept has been introduced where the majority of energy is supplied from Renewable Energy Sources (RESs) generated either on-site or nearby. Integration and application of RESs as the main energy resource require more Advanced Control Strategies (ACS). These technologies need to provide higher flexibility by managing and controlling the energy generation/consumption/storage in the building. Such ACS are required in an HVAC system integrated with RES to ensure optimal efficiency and lower energy losses without any impact on the thermal comfort of consumers. This research work focuses on the improvement of ACS applied to HVAC under different building boundary conditions. At a beginning of this research work, a systematic literature review on ACS in this field was carried out. This study revealed a wide variability of quantified results like operational cost/energy savings without providing a clear and systematic classification of influencing variables and correlation to potential achievable outcomes. Therefore, it is hard to find any meaningful relation between reported results from these studies with respect to energy performance assessment of ACS in building, especially on HVAC and technical systems. In addition, there is no adequate information on how and to what extent these variables may impact the results. This literature review also showed that Adaptive-Predictive Control Strategies (APCSs) have promising features that can significantly affect the energy efficiency of the system. This research project has two main goals: i) to design and develop different controls (with a focus on APCSs) for HVAC systems in residential buildings to provide energy retrofit and saving, and ii) to create a comprehensive comparison framework for these control strategies with the goal of systematically evaluate them. The comparison will be carried out based on specific key performance indicators (KPIs) identified by implementing the strategies in TRNSYS and developing parametric analyses. In addition, the numerical analysis will be performed by implementing proposed/simulated control logic in the case study buildings of the Horizon 2020 HEART project.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
MARYAM_GHOLAMZADEHMIR_Ph.D Thesis.pdf
accessibile in internet solo dagli utenti autorizzati
Dimensione
11.27 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
11.27 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
I documenti in POLITesi sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
https://hdl.handle.net/10589/189679