The aim of this thesis is to create and validate a method for supporting entrepreneurship in the context of Emerging Countries, using a specific case study of a start-up incubated in the country of Ethiopia as an environmental test. The real problems faced by different realities (both for profit, non-profit and governmental) that tries to support Emerging Countries to become autonomous are in fact of two different natures. The first one has an economic-financial’s one, and in particular can be identified in the cash flows’ management, a problem that derives from a cultural error and probably from a historical error partly caused by the colonialism of the more advanced Western Countries: from the analysis of historical data and empirical experiences, it is in fact evident how the concept of economic and social return on an investment is sometimes developed at a primitive level in the context of Emerging Countries. This is not the case if the subjects analyzed has an education or work experience in environments related to Western Countries’ culture, in fact in this way the subject has been able to absorb through an osmotic process the methodology and meaning of the actions. It is precisely for this reason that the funds loaned – either free of charge or with a request to return on favorable terms – often risk being lost or wasted, thus creating an inefficiency, as well as ineffectiveness, in the economic support system itself. The analysis of this type of problem consequently leads to a second problem that could be considered even more important to analyze: the problem of cultural and social difference, both in terms of values, beliefs, customs and habits, but also in terms of style and daily approach to life. In fact, from these analyses and starting from the immense literature already available, it has emerged that the primary cause of the failure of many businesses is related to an underestimation of the impact that the different values previously written have on the form and effectiveness of the business itself. It is therefore useful to bear in mind that an approach of impositions – while theoretically more effective and functional – often brings a failure of the methodology itself making it ineffective and non-functional. The innovative value of this thesis is found, with humility, in the contribution that this work can provide as a support to the existing literature and public debate, and thus to the potential use that others will make of it in order to hopefully arrive in the future at making scientific and structured a methodology that has too often so far proved to be ineffective in its results.
L’obiettivo della tesi è sviluppare e validare un metodo di supporto all’imprenditoria nel contesto dei paesi emergenti, utilizzando come ambiente di test il caso di studio di una start-up in fase di incubazione in Etiopia. I problemi reali con cui si scontrano le diverse realtà (che siano esse profit, no-profit o governative) che cercano di supportare i paesi emergenti a rendersi autonomi sono infatti di due nature diverse. Il primo è di disallineamento culturale e di competenze rispetto alla gestione economico-finanziaria, nei contesti dei Paesi emergenti, dove la mera replicazione di modelli di gestione provenienti dai Paesi ad alto reddito spesso non risulta allineata con le competenze e gli obiettivi degli imprenditori locali. Infatti, dall’analisi dei dati storici e dalle esperienze empiriche, risulta evidente come il concetto di ritorno economico e sociale di un investimento non si ritrovi nei modelli che vengono sviluppati localmente se non da figure che abbiano avuto esperienze o contatti con i modelli di altri paesi. È proprio per questo motivo che i fondi devoluti a prestito – e gratuitamente e con una richiesta di ritorno pur a condizioni agevolate – spesso vengono persi o sprecati, creando quindi un’inefficacia, oltre che inefficienza, del sistema di supporto economico stesso. L’analisi di questo tipo di problema porta conseguentemente a quello che è un secondo, ma che per struttura è di gran lunga più importante da analizzare e tenere in considerazione: il problema della differenza culturale e sociale, sia in termini di valori, credenze, usi e costumi, spesso riscontrabile semplicemente nello stile e approccio nella gestione quotidiana della vita. Anche da queste analisi e partendo dall’esaustiva letteratura già presente in tal senso è infatti emerso come la causa primaria del fallimento dei molteplici tentativi già fatti, che si stanno facendo e che probabilmente si faranno in futuro sia dovuta a una sottostima dell’impatto che i diversi valori precedentemente scritti hanno sulla forma e l’efficacia del business stesso. Diventa quindi di fondamentale importanza tenere conto che un approccio di imposizione o di replicazione del metodo occidentale, o di un qualsivoglia altro metodo - pur certamente a livello teorico più efficace, efficiente e funzionale – risulta fallimentare, quindi non funzionale. L’obiettivo della tesi, dunque, è il tentativo di ipotizzare, testare e validare un metodo che possa essere di supporto a questa causa, proprio partendo dai vincoli descritti, il più possibile non considerandoli come sole limitazioni ma opportunità. Il carattere innovativo della presente tesi si ritrova, con umiltà, a quello che quanto contenuto nelle pagine successive può dare come supporto alla letteratura e al dibattito pubblico già esistente; quindi, al potenziale utilizzo che ne faranno altri per arrivare, finalmente, al rendere scientifico e strutturato un metodo che troppo spesso fino ad ora – si è rilevato fallimentare anche quando il fine non era esclusivamente assistenzialistico.
New models for coaching and training aspirant entrepreneurs in Emerging Countries : the Sparkmeth methodology
Fossati, Pietro
2021/2022
Abstract
The aim of this thesis is to create and validate a method for supporting entrepreneurship in the context of Emerging Countries, using a specific case study of a start-up incubated in the country of Ethiopia as an environmental test. The real problems faced by different realities (both for profit, non-profit and governmental) that tries to support Emerging Countries to become autonomous are in fact of two different natures. The first one has an economic-financial’s one, and in particular can be identified in the cash flows’ management, a problem that derives from a cultural error and probably from a historical error partly caused by the colonialism of the more advanced Western Countries: from the analysis of historical data and empirical experiences, it is in fact evident how the concept of economic and social return on an investment is sometimes developed at a primitive level in the context of Emerging Countries. This is not the case if the subjects analyzed has an education or work experience in environments related to Western Countries’ culture, in fact in this way the subject has been able to absorb through an osmotic process the methodology and meaning of the actions. It is precisely for this reason that the funds loaned – either free of charge or with a request to return on favorable terms – often risk being lost or wasted, thus creating an inefficiency, as well as ineffectiveness, in the economic support system itself. The analysis of this type of problem consequently leads to a second problem that could be considered even more important to analyze: the problem of cultural and social difference, both in terms of values, beliefs, customs and habits, but also in terms of style and daily approach to life. In fact, from these analyses and starting from the immense literature already available, it has emerged that the primary cause of the failure of many businesses is related to an underestimation of the impact that the different values previously written have on the form and effectiveness of the business itself. It is therefore useful to bear in mind that an approach of impositions – while theoretically more effective and functional – often brings a failure of the methodology itself making it ineffective and non-functional. The innovative value of this thesis is found, with humility, in the contribution that this work can provide as a support to the existing literature and public debate, and thus to the potential use that others will make of it in order to hopefully arrive in the future at making scientific and structured a methodology that has too often so far proved to be ineffective in its results.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2022_07_Fossati.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/189878