Facility Layout Planning is the process of designing and arranging the industrial tangible assets such as departments and warehouses, machinery and equipment in order to optimize the industrial performance of the manufacturing systems. Since it allows greater efficiency, quality and sustainability, understanding the main attributes of a proper layout design becomes increasingly important in a competitive context such as today's manufacturing sector. Numerous studies have followed over the years to schematize, classify and resolve this issue, generating a strong divergence in the strategies for approaching the problem. With the intention of synthesizing the most specific elements, the basic characteristics that influence configuration choices are then presented, as well as the well-known Muther’s systematic procedure for layout design. Facility Layout Problems are non-polynomial hard and, consequently, complex mathematical methods are required. The approaches are very varied to allow different formulations and solving techniques, as well as to suit several constraints, objectives and problem dimensions. Hence, this paper proposes a taxonomy and a brief explanation of the principal algorithms present in the literature to solve these combinatorial optimizations, by means of a wide bibliographic collection. Of all, metaheuristic methods have gained particular recognition as they are capable of coping with the most intricate problems: specifically Genetic Algorithm, Tabu-Search, Particle Swarm Optimization and hybrid procedures have aroused a lot of interest. Finally, the thesis aims, by presenting the state-of-the-art manufacturing systems with their advantages and their challenges, to describe the future prospects of layout design during Industry 4.0. Reconfigurability, as a smart characteristic, is presented and the relative current criticalities in layout planning are raised. There is a need to integrate layout design together with machines and control systems, as well as with production and maintenance activities. Although it is still in an early stage, it can be observed that, to address the latest problems, multi-objective dynamic metaheuristics with non-deterministic data are mainly employed.
Facility Layout Planning è il processo di progettazione e disposizione dei beni materiali industriali come dipartimenti e magazzini, macchinari e attrezzature al fine di ottimizzare le prestazioni industriali dei sistemi di produzione. Dato che consente una maggiore efficienza, qualità e sostenibilità, la comprensione delle proprietà principali per una progettazione appropriata del layout diventa sempre più importante in un contesto competitivo come quello del settore manifatturiero odierno. Numerosi studi si sono susseguiti negli anni per schematizzare, classificare e risolvere questa problematica, generando una forte divergenza nelle strategie di approccio al problema. Nell'intento di sintetizzare gli elementi più specifici, vengono dunque presentate le caratteristiche di base che influenzano le scelte di configurazione, nonché la nota procedura sistematica di Muther per la progettazione del layout. I problemi di Facility Layout sono NP-difficili e, di conseguenza, richiedono metodi matematici complessi. Gli approcci sono molto vari per consentire diverse formulazioni e tecniche di risoluzione, nonché per adattarsi a vari vincoli, obiettivi e dimensioni del problema. Pertanto, questo lavoro propone una tassonomia e una breve spiegazione dei principali algoritmi presenti in letteratura per risolvere queste ottimizzazioni combinatorie attraverso un'ampia raccolta bibliografica. Tra tutti, i metodi metaeuristici hanno ottenuto particolare riconoscimento in quanto sono in grado di far fronte ai problemi più intricati: nello specifico Genetic Algorithm, Tabu-Search, Particle Swarm Optimization e le procedure ibride hanno suscitato molto interesse. Infine, la tesi si propone, presentando i sistemi di produzione all'avanguardia con i loro vantaggi e le loro sfide, di descrivere le prospettive future della progettazione del layout durante l'Industria 4.0. Viene presentata la riconfigurabilità, in quanto caratteristica intelligente, e vengono sollevate le relative criticità attuali nella pianificazione del layout. È necessario integrare la progettazione del layout con quella delle macchine e dei sistemi di controllo, nonché con le attività di produzione e manutenzione. Sebbene si sia ancora in una fase iniziale, si può osservare che, per affrontare i problemi più recenti, vengono utilizzate principalmente metaeuristiche dinamiche multi-obiettivo con dati non deterministici.
Review and new horizons of Facility Layout Planning
CROTTI, GIACOMO
2021/2022
Abstract
Facility Layout Planning is the process of designing and arranging the industrial tangible assets such as departments and warehouses, machinery and equipment in order to optimize the industrial performance of the manufacturing systems. Since it allows greater efficiency, quality and sustainability, understanding the main attributes of a proper layout design becomes increasingly important in a competitive context such as today's manufacturing sector. Numerous studies have followed over the years to schematize, classify and resolve this issue, generating a strong divergence in the strategies for approaching the problem. With the intention of synthesizing the most specific elements, the basic characteristics that influence configuration choices are then presented, as well as the well-known Muther’s systematic procedure for layout design. Facility Layout Problems are non-polynomial hard and, consequently, complex mathematical methods are required. The approaches are very varied to allow different formulations and solving techniques, as well as to suit several constraints, objectives and problem dimensions. Hence, this paper proposes a taxonomy and a brief explanation of the principal algorithms present in the literature to solve these combinatorial optimizations, by means of a wide bibliographic collection. Of all, metaheuristic methods have gained particular recognition as they are capable of coping with the most intricate problems: specifically Genetic Algorithm, Tabu-Search, Particle Swarm Optimization and hybrid procedures have aroused a lot of interest. Finally, the thesis aims, by presenting the state-of-the-art manufacturing systems with their advantages and their challenges, to describe the future prospects of layout design during Industry 4.0. Reconfigurability, as a smart characteristic, is presented and the relative current criticalities in layout planning are raised. There is a need to integrate layout design together with machines and control systems, as well as with production and maintenance activities. Although it is still in an early stage, it can be observed that, to address the latest problems, multi-objective dynamic metaheuristics with non-deterministic data are mainly employed.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/190408