Being able to remediate to the dangerously increasing water pollution phenomenon is nowadays becoming the core principle of several companies, ONGs, research groups and even private individuals. Phosphorous-based fertilizers are often indicated as one of the most dangerous products able to lead to the ocean waters eutrophication as well as their oxygen depletion. Even though the phosphorous presence in sewage waters could be enough to cover part of the phosphorous demand for the synthesis of fertilizers, currently no reliable technologies are present on the market to perform the recovery of that element. Currently, the efficient removal of phosphorous from anthropic isn’t available either. Driven by the will to try to solve these problems, we focused on the synthesis of an eco-sorbent specifically oriented to have a unique interaction with the phosphate groups, by the application of a chelating guanidino group on the different building blocks which compose the cellulose-based sorbent. The result that emerged is a specifically modified nano-dimensioned cellulose-based sponge, eco-friendly and highly interactive with the phosphate groups. The modified sponge has been practically tested on the removal of different water pollutants, as orthophosphates and transition metals (Cd, Cr, Ni and Zn), while the guanidine functionalized building blocks have been analyzed via FT-IR ATR and 13C-NMR techniques to determine the effective success of the modification process. Future develops will include testing on more reality responsive pollutants, starting from the encouraging results obtained during the synthetic phase, opening the path to produce pollutant-specific cellulose-based nanosorbent.
Poter rimediare al fenomeno pericolosamente in crescita dell’inquinamento delle acque sta diventando oggigiorno il focus di diverse aziende, ONG, gruppi di ricerca e persino di privati cittadini. I fertilizzanti a base di fosforo sono spesso indicati come uno dei prodotti più pericolosi in grado di produrre fenomeni quali l’eutrofizzazione degli oceani così come il loro impoverimento di ossigeno. Anche se la presenza di fosforo nelle acque reflue potrebbe coprire parte della domanda di fosforo per la produzione di fertilizzanti, attualmente non esistono tecnologie affidabili sul mercato in grado di recuperare questo elemento. Attualmente, la strada per una rimozione in maniera efficiente di fosforo proveniente da acque antropiche non è ancora percorribile. Spinti dalla volontà di risolvere questi problemi, ci siamo concentrati sulla sintesi di un adsorbente eco-friendly specificatamente orientato all’avere interazioni uniche con i gruppi fosfati, tramite l’applicazione di un gruppo chelante guanidino sui diversi componenti dell’adsorbente a base di cellulosa. Il risultato ottenuto è una spugna a base di cellulosa e nanodimensionata, modificata ad hoc, eco-friendly e altamente interattiva con i gruppi fosfati. La spugna modificata è stata testata nella pratica con la rimozione di diversi inquinanti, tra cui ioni ortofosfati e metalli di transizione (Cd, Cr, Ni e Zn), mentre i componenti guanidinilati della spugna sono stati analizzati con le tecniche FT-IR ATR e 13C-NMR per determinare l’effettiva riuscita del processo di funzionalizzazione. Sviluppi futuri includeranno test con inquinanti più specifici, a partire dai risultati incoraggianti ottenuti durante la fase di sintesi, aprendo il cammino per la produzione di nanoadsorbenti a base di cellulosa specifici per gli inquinanti che vogliono essere rimossi.
Synthesis of Guanidinylated Cellulose Nanosponges for water decontamination from phosphorous and transition metal ions
Caroni, Federico
2021/2022
Abstract
Being able to remediate to the dangerously increasing water pollution phenomenon is nowadays becoming the core principle of several companies, ONGs, research groups and even private individuals. Phosphorous-based fertilizers are often indicated as one of the most dangerous products able to lead to the ocean waters eutrophication as well as their oxygen depletion. Even though the phosphorous presence in sewage waters could be enough to cover part of the phosphorous demand for the synthesis of fertilizers, currently no reliable technologies are present on the market to perform the recovery of that element. Currently, the efficient removal of phosphorous from anthropic isn’t available either. Driven by the will to try to solve these problems, we focused on the synthesis of an eco-sorbent specifically oriented to have a unique interaction with the phosphate groups, by the application of a chelating guanidino group on the different building blocks which compose the cellulose-based sorbent. The result that emerged is a specifically modified nano-dimensioned cellulose-based sponge, eco-friendly and highly interactive with the phosphate groups. The modified sponge has been practically tested on the removal of different water pollutants, as orthophosphates and transition metals (Cd, Cr, Ni and Zn), while the guanidine functionalized building blocks have been analyzed via FT-IR ATR and 13C-NMR techniques to determine the effective success of the modification process. Future develops will include testing on more reality responsive pollutants, starting from the encouraging results obtained during the synthetic phase, opening the path to produce pollutant-specific cellulose-based nanosorbent.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/190464