Conflict in the Middle East region has been a dominant theme over the past half-century. Historic cities have been destroyed in the war conflict, but their inner-core spirit and religious culture are deeply rooted in the heritage that survived the war, and re-establishing the relationship of dialogue with the past is beneficial to urban revival. This thesis looks at the topic of the post-war architectural reconstruction in an urban revival context, in this case in Mosul, the second-largest city of Iraq, which unfortunately suffered terrible destruction during three years of war against Daesh. Like other damaged historical cities, the reconstruction of Mosul needs to face an argument about the balance between development and conservation. Among many remaining monuments waiting to reconstruct, we propose two project sites in the Ammo Al-Bakal neighborhood, which are the Al-Nouri Mosque and Nabi-Jirjis Mosque. Although the typology of these two sites is the same, we adopt different approaches with two slightly different focuses based on different current situations. Our approaches aim to restore collective memory through strategic points for pre-war community life. Rebuilding the mosque is a crucial starting point. As a community center, the mosque is the most important institution in Islam. After the home and the workplace, it is the most frequented place. Muslims visit it at least twice, if not three or five times, a day. Moreover, it’s normal to associate the mosque with other typologies of buildings, such as a school, library, souq, and hammam, playing different roles as an educational center, a charity distribution, a shelter for the homeless, and a place of entertainment on special occasions. All mosques are not equal in status. Even two mosques in Mosul, a few miles apart, will differ in their religious importance. This project addresses different challenges: for the Grand Al-Nouri Mosque, in addition to the protection of original mosque ruins, it’s also meaningful to restore the order of the square in front of the mosque and build a cultural activity center that is more in line with the needs of modern use; for the Nabi-Jirjis mosque, faced the state of the site that is almost leveled out, we propose to follow the most important prayer hall location and worship axis in the original mosque, and retain the original female prayer function, set up the gender separation circulation for male and female prayer streams. Our proposals try to keep the balance between tradition and modernization, memory and oblivion, reconstruction and restoration. The use of local techniques, materials and architectural features interpreted in contemporary projects is a sustainable proposition to build a renewed future for Mosul.
I conflitti nella regione del Medio Oriente sono stati un tema dominante nell'ultimo mezzo secolo. Le città storiche sono state distrutte nel conflitto bellico, ma il loro spirito e la loro cultura religiosa sono profondamente radicati nel patrimonio sopravvissuto alla guerra. Lo spirito interno e la cultura religiosa sono profondamente radicati nel patrimonio sopravvissuto alla guerra e ristabilire il rapporto di dialogo con il passato è utile per la rinascita urbana. Questa tesi affronta il tema della ricostruzione architettonica postbellica in un contesto di rinascita urbana, in questo caso a Mosul, la seconda città più grande dell'Iraq, che purtroppo ha subito terribili distruzioni durante i tre anni di guerra contro Daesh. Come altre città storiche danneggiate, la ricostruzione di Mosul deve affrontare una discussione sull'equilibrio tra sviluppo e conservazione. Tra i molti monumenti ancora da ricostruire, proponiamo due siti di progetto nel quartiere di Ammo Al-Bakal, che sono la Moschea Al-Nouri e la Moschea Nabi-Jirjis. Sebbene la tipologia di questi due siti sia la stessa, adottiamo approcci diversi con due focus leggermente differenti, basati su situazioni attuali diverse. I nostri approcci mirano a ripristinare la memoria collettiva attraverso punti strategici della vita comunitaria prebellica. La ricostruzione della moschea è un punto di partenza fondamentale. In quanto centro della comunità, la moschea è l'istituzione più importante dell'Islam. Dopo la casa e il posto di lavoro, è il luogo più frequentato. I musulmani la visitano almeno due volte, se non tre o cinque, al giorno. Inoltre, è normale associare la moschea ad altre tipologie di edifici, come la scuola, la biblioteca, il souq e l'hammam, svolgendo ruoli diversi come centro educativo, distribuzione di beneficenza, rifugio per i senzatetto e luogo di intrattenimento in occasioni speciali. Tutte le moschee non hanno lo stesso status. Anche due moschee a Mosul, a pochi chilometri di distanza, differiscono per la loro importanza religiosa. Questo progetto affronta sfide diverse: per la Grande Moschea di Al-Nouri, oltre alla protezione delle rovine originali della moschea, ha senso ripristinare l'ordine della piazza antistante la moschea e costruire un centro di attività culturali più in linea con le esigenze dell'uso moderno; per la moschea di Nabi-Jirjis, di fronte allo stato del sito che è quasi spianato, proponiamo di seguire la posizione della sala di preghiera più importante e l'asse di culto nella moschea originale, e di mantenere la funzione di preghiera femminile originale, istituendo la circolazione di separazione di genere per i flussi di preghiera maschili e femminili. Le nostre proposte cercano di mantenere l'equilibrio tra tradizione e modernizzazione, memoria e oblio, ricostruzione e restauro. L'uso di tecniche, materiali e caratteristiche architettoniche locali interpretate in progetti contemporanei è una proposta sostenibile per costruire un futuro rinnovato per Mosul.
Mosul post-war urban reconstruction : the Mosque
Yin, Fangcheng;Wang, Yuxin
2021/2022
Abstract
Conflict in the Middle East region has been a dominant theme over the past half-century. Historic cities have been destroyed in the war conflict, but their inner-core spirit and religious culture are deeply rooted in the heritage that survived the war, and re-establishing the relationship of dialogue with the past is beneficial to urban revival. This thesis looks at the topic of the post-war architectural reconstruction in an urban revival context, in this case in Mosul, the second-largest city of Iraq, which unfortunately suffered terrible destruction during three years of war against Daesh. Like other damaged historical cities, the reconstruction of Mosul needs to face an argument about the balance between development and conservation. Among many remaining monuments waiting to reconstruct, we propose two project sites in the Ammo Al-Bakal neighborhood, which are the Al-Nouri Mosque and Nabi-Jirjis Mosque. Although the typology of these two sites is the same, we adopt different approaches with two slightly different focuses based on different current situations. Our approaches aim to restore collective memory through strategic points for pre-war community life. Rebuilding the mosque is a crucial starting point. As a community center, the mosque is the most important institution in Islam. After the home and the workplace, it is the most frequented place. Muslims visit it at least twice, if not three or five times, a day. Moreover, it’s normal to associate the mosque with other typologies of buildings, such as a school, library, souq, and hammam, playing different roles as an educational center, a charity distribution, a shelter for the homeless, and a place of entertainment on special occasions. All mosques are not equal in status. Even two mosques in Mosul, a few miles apart, will differ in their religious importance. This project addresses different challenges: for the Grand Al-Nouri Mosque, in addition to the protection of original mosque ruins, it’s also meaningful to restore the order of the square in front of the mosque and build a cultural activity center that is more in line with the needs of modern use; for the Nabi-Jirjis mosque, faced the state of the site that is almost leveled out, we propose to follow the most important prayer hall location and worship axis in the original mosque, and retain the original female prayer function, set up the gender separation circulation for male and female prayer streams. Our proposals try to keep the balance between tradition and modernization, memory and oblivion, reconstruction and restoration. The use of local techniques, materials and architectural features interpreted in contemporary projects is a sustainable proposition to build a renewed future for Mosul.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Panel_A000.pdf
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Mosul post-war urban reconstruction_The mosque.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/190475