Efficiency, high performance, and sustainability are the key features that are driving innovation in the last ten years. Indeed, rapid change among all industries and sectors is revolutionizing the global market. The growing focus on environmental issues has led managers and scholars to research business models that fit the paradigm of circular economy and sustainability. Even the automotive industry has seen huge changes in recent years, and the Circular Economy concept has led to a radical evolution of the industry, although it has already a pre-set model that provides for the recycling of materials of ELVs. In fact, reverse logistics involves several actors, and, for every type of material that is recovered, there is a different material reverse supply chain. The EU with the law 2000/53/EC sets the guidelines that each member state has followed for issuing the national laws, for an efficient rendering of reverse logistics. In addition, good reverse logistics performance also requires adequate work by individual companies involved in material recovery. However, existing regulations are not always effective, and guidelines do not always support companies in implementing and measuring CE. In addition, the research domain lacks adequate suggested models for measuring CE performance for ARL actors. In order to achieve optimal circularity performance, the measurement and communication phase is crucial. In fact, the process of measuring performance is directly linked to the improvement of the same as well as the increase in the commitment of workers. This work aims to evaluate in the Italian context, which CE assessment methods are the most used, and how many CE requirements are measured by different companies belonging to each typology of actors in the ARL. For this purpose, 27 companies have been interviewed, and a questionnaire has been proposed to them about their CE commitment and CE requirements measured. In addition, given the often ineffective nature of existing regulations, an analysis has been conducted of the enablers and barriers impacting the circularity performance measurement phase. The results show that the tendency to measure CE requirements depends on the typology of the actor interviewed and the size of the company. In conclusion, given the structure of the sector and its purpose, the MFA or SFA have been suggested as methods for assessing CE for companies belonging to the ARL. Also, based on the enablers and what the company currently measures, circularity indicators have been suggested for each company. The results of this work can help professionals and policymakers to understand which CE requirements are still slightly considered, and which factors to leverage to improve the level of CE measurement and thus, boost its implementation.
Efficienza, resa e sostenibilità sono le caratteristiche chiave che stanno guidando l’innovazione negli ultimi dieci anni. Infatti, un rapido cambiamento in tutte le industrie e settori, sta rivoluzionando il mercato globale. La crescente attenzione riguardo tematiche ambientali ha portato manager e studiosi alla ricerca di modelli di business consoni al paradigma dell’economia circolare e della sostenibilità. Anche l’industria automotive ha assistito a enormi cambiamenti negli ultimi anni, e il concetto di Economia Circolare ha portato a una radicale evoluzione del settore, nonostante esso abbia già un modello preimpostato che prevede il riciclo dei materiali dei veicoli fuori uso. Infatti, la catena inversa della logistica coinvolge diversi attori, e prevede diverse filiere per ogni tipologia di materiale che viene recuperato. L’UE con la legge 2000/53/EC imposta le linee guida che ogni stato membro segue nell’emanazione delle leggi nazionali, per un’efficiente resa della logistica inversa. Inoltre, una buona prestazione della logistica inversa richiede anche un lavoro adeguato delle singole aziende che si occupano del recupero materiali. Tuttavia, le esistenti regolamentazioni non sono sempre efficaci, e le linee guida non supportano le aziende nella implementazione e misurazione della CE. Inoltre, il dominio di ricerca manca di modelli adeguati suggeriti per la misura delle prestazioni di CE per gli attori della catena logistica inversa dell’industria automotive. Per ottenere ottime prestazioni di circolarità, la fase di misurazione e comunicazione è cruciale. Infatti, il processo di misura delle prestazioni è direttamente legato al miglioramento delle stesse oltre che all’incremento di impegno dei lavoratori. Questo lavoro ha l’obiettivo di valutare nel contesto italiano, quali sono i metodi di valutazione di circolarità più utilizzati, e quanti requisiti di circolarità vengono misurati dai diversi attori presenti nella catena logistica inversa dell’industria automotive. Per raggiungere tale fine, 27 aziende sono state intervistate, ed è stato proposto loro un questionario riguardo il loro impegno nella CE e i requisiti di circolarità monitorati. Inoltre, data la sovente inefficacia delle regolamentazioni esistenti, è stata condotta un’analisi relativa ai fattori abilitanti e le barriere che impattano la fase di misurazione delle prestazioni di circolarità. I risultati dimostrano che la tendenza alla misurazione dei requisiti di circolarità dipende dalla tipologia di attore intervistato e dalla grandezza della azienda. In conclusione, data anche la struttura del settore e il suo scopo, è stato suggerito il MFA o il SFA come metodo per la misurazione della CE, per le aziende appartenenti alla catena logistica inversa dell’industria automotive. Inoltre, per ogni azienda, basandosi sui suoi fattori abilitanti e su ciò che attualmente misura, sono stati consigliati degli indicatori di circolarità. Il risultato di questo lavoro può aiutare professionisti e autorità politiche per intuire quali sono i requisiti di circolarità che vengono poco considerati, e su quali fattori fare leva per migliorare il livello di misurazione di CE e quindi favorirne l’implementazione.
Evaluation of the automotive reverse logistics' circularity performance : a critical analysis of the italian context
GUERINI, TOMMASO;Farano, Matteo
2021/2022
Abstract
Efficiency, high performance, and sustainability are the key features that are driving innovation in the last ten years. Indeed, rapid change among all industries and sectors is revolutionizing the global market. The growing focus on environmental issues has led managers and scholars to research business models that fit the paradigm of circular economy and sustainability. Even the automotive industry has seen huge changes in recent years, and the Circular Economy concept has led to a radical evolution of the industry, although it has already a pre-set model that provides for the recycling of materials of ELVs. In fact, reverse logistics involves several actors, and, for every type of material that is recovered, there is a different material reverse supply chain. The EU with the law 2000/53/EC sets the guidelines that each member state has followed for issuing the national laws, for an efficient rendering of reverse logistics. In addition, good reverse logistics performance also requires adequate work by individual companies involved in material recovery. However, existing regulations are not always effective, and guidelines do not always support companies in implementing and measuring CE. In addition, the research domain lacks adequate suggested models for measuring CE performance for ARL actors. In order to achieve optimal circularity performance, the measurement and communication phase is crucial. In fact, the process of measuring performance is directly linked to the improvement of the same as well as the increase in the commitment of workers. This work aims to evaluate in the Italian context, which CE assessment methods are the most used, and how many CE requirements are measured by different companies belonging to each typology of actors in the ARL. For this purpose, 27 companies have been interviewed, and a questionnaire has been proposed to them about their CE commitment and CE requirements measured. In addition, given the often ineffective nature of existing regulations, an analysis has been conducted of the enablers and barriers impacting the circularity performance measurement phase. The results show that the tendency to measure CE requirements depends on the typology of the actor interviewed and the size of the company. In conclusion, given the structure of the sector and its purpose, the MFA or SFA have been suggested as methods for assessing CE for companies belonging to the ARL. Also, based on the enablers and what the company currently measures, circularity indicators have been suggested for each company. The results of this work can help professionals and policymakers to understand which CE requirements are still slightly considered, and which factors to leverage to improve the level of CE measurement and thus, boost its implementation.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/192040