One of the most persistent issues affecting people worldwide is water contamination, due to the indiscriminate disposal of pollutants, causing severe environmental problems. In particular, dyes are among the most harmful contaminants, due to their high chemical stability. To remove contaminants from water, adsorption is the most widely used method. In this work, we demonstrated that porous graphene oxide–chitosan aerogels could be used as a recyclable adsorbent for dye removal. The GO–CS aerogels were prepared by mixing GO sheets and CS chains, using APS as a cross-linking agent, and by further lyophilization. The resulting materials were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and nano-computed tomography, showing a homogeneous porous structure, with pores in the scale of 25-75 µm. The sorbent efficiency was tested for three different anionic dyes (indigo carmine (IC), cibacron brilliant yellow (CBY) and naphtol blue black (NBB)), by conducting both isotherm and kinetic sorption tests. The samples demonstrated high sorption capacity (qe > 150 mg/L) at high concentrations of dyes (320 mg/L), and an almost complete removal of the contaminants at lower amount of pollutant in the solution (100 mg/L). The adsorption equilibrium was well fitted by the Langmuir model. Finally, after an initial sorption test, the potentiality for regeneration and reuse of the material was evaluated. The reusability of the GO/CS aerogels was assessed by conducting four cycles of adsorption-desorption.
Una delle preoccupazioni più persistenti che affliggono le popolazioni di tutto il mondo è la contaminazione dell'acqua dovuta allo smaltimento indiscriminato di sostanze inquinanti che causano gravi problemi ambientali. In particolare, i coloranti sono tra gli inquinanti più dannosi, a causa della loro elevata stabilità chimica. Per rimuoverli dall'acqua, l'adsorbimento è il metodo più utilizzato. In questo lavoro abbiamo dimostrato che gli aerogel di ossido di grafene e chitosano possono essere utilizzati come adsorbenti riciclabili per la rimozione dei coloranti. Gli aerogel di GO-CS sono stati preparati miscelando l’ossido di grafene con le catene di chitosano CS, utilizzando l'APS come agente reticolante, e successivamente liofilizzandoli. I materiali ottenuti sono stati caratterizzati mediante microscopia elettronica a scansione e tomografia nano-computerizzata, mostrando una struttura porosa omogenea, con pori nella scala di 25-75 µm. L'efficienza del materiale sorbente è stata testata per tre diversi coloranti anionici (indigo carmine (IC), cibacron brilliant yellow (CBY) e naphtol blue black (NBB)), conducendo test di assorbimento isotermo e cinetico. I campioni hanno dimostrato un'elevata capacità di assorbimento (q > 150 mg/L) a concentrazioni elevate di coloranti (320 mg/L) e una rimozione quasi completa dei contaminanti a concentrazioni inferiori (100 mg/L). L'equilibrio di adsorbimento è stato ben rappresentato dal modello di Langmuir. Infine, dopo un primo test di assorbimento, è stata valutata la possibilità di rigenerazione e riutilizzo del materiale. La riutilizzabilità degli aerogel di GO/CS è stata valutata effettuando quattro cicli di adsorbimento-desorbimento.
Synthesis and applications of graphene oxide based aerogels as adsorbent for water contaminants
PIRAS, CHIARA
2021/2022
Abstract
One of the most persistent issues affecting people worldwide is water contamination, due to the indiscriminate disposal of pollutants, causing severe environmental problems. In particular, dyes are among the most harmful contaminants, due to their high chemical stability. To remove contaminants from water, adsorption is the most widely used method. In this work, we demonstrated that porous graphene oxide–chitosan aerogels could be used as a recyclable adsorbent for dye removal. The GO–CS aerogels were prepared by mixing GO sheets and CS chains, using APS as a cross-linking agent, and by further lyophilization. The resulting materials were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and nano-computed tomography, showing a homogeneous porous structure, with pores in the scale of 25-75 µm. The sorbent efficiency was tested for three different anionic dyes (indigo carmine (IC), cibacron brilliant yellow (CBY) and naphtol blue black (NBB)), by conducting both isotherm and kinetic sorption tests. The samples demonstrated high sorption capacity (qe > 150 mg/L) at high concentrations of dyes (320 mg/L), and an almost complete removal of the contaminants at lower amount of pollutant in the solution (100 mg/L). The adsorption equilibrium was well fitted by the Langmuir model. Finally, after an initial sorption test, the potentiality for regeneration and reuse of the material was evaluated. The reusability of the GO/CS aerogels was assessed by conducting four cycles of adsorption-desorption.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/194875