The understanding of Brownian Dynamics in Colloidal Mixtures is of primary importance in Physics and Chemistry, due to the role played in several fields ranging from still-debated questions in hydrodynamics to applications in separation methods in industrial processes. This Thesis Work aims at investigating the dynamics of binary colloidal mixtures. In order to perform the experiments in aqueous solvents, it was necessary to produce monodisperse fluorinated nanoparticles with close-to-water refractive index. Gravity settling of Brownian binary suspensions showed instability phenomena. In previous experiments, the tested mixtures where characterized by an inversion phenomena: the less dense particles settle faster because are bigger but in the final equilibrium state floats over the more dense. The this condition was considered the origin of the instabilities in the settling. On the contrary, the performed measurements shows that instabilities seem to arise when the difference in the settling speeds of the two species becomes sufficiently high. In addition, the settling dynamics was compared to the Batchelor’s theoretical results. To further explore this aspect, the short-time self diffusion coefficient of tracer particles in polydisperse suspensions was accessed through dynamic light scattering. The adopted procedure will allow us to extend the experiments to other particles’ size ratio. Sedimentation experiments on the synthesized nanoparticles were also performed in a rotor swing centrifuge, to qualitatively analyze the competition between settling and ordering in monodisperse colloidal suspensions. Preliminary measurements show that, above a given acceleration threshold, a colloidal glass is formed.
La comprensione della dinamica Browniana in miscele colloidali è di primaria importanza in Fisica e Chimica per il ruolo che ricoprono nella compresione di aspetti ancora dibattuti nel campo dell'idrodinamica dei sistemi complessi e nei metodi di sepazione dei fluidi biologici. Questo lavoro di tesi cerca di investigare la dinamica delle miscele binarie. Per effettuare gli esperimenti in soluzioni acquose è stato necessario produrre nanoparticelle fluorinate e monodisperse con un indice di rifrazione prossimo a quello dell'acqua. La sedimentazione in gravità di sospensioni binarie ha mostrato fenomeni di instabilità. Nei precedenti esperimenti , le miscele testate presentavano un fenomeno di inversione: le particelle meno dense sedimentano più velocemente perchè sono più grandi ma nel stato di equilibrio finale galleggiano sulle più dense. A questa condizione era attribuito il fenomeno delle instabilità. Al coontrario gli esperimenti fatti mostrano che le instabilità sebrano essere originate dalla differenza di velocità di discesa delle due specie. In aggiunta la dinamica di sedimentazione è stata comparata con il lavoro teorico di Batchelor. Per investigare ulteriormente questo aspetto, sono state effettuate delle misure di coefficiente di diffusione self di particelle in miscele polidisperse tramite Scattering Dinamico. La procedura adottata consente di estendere la misura ad altri rapporti di diametro delle particelle. Ulteriori esperimenti di sedimentazione sono stati effetuati con le nanoparticelle sintetizzate in centrifuga per investigare la competizione tra tendenza a formare una fase ordinata e disordinata in una soluzione monodispersa.
Brownian dynamics and gravity settling of binary colloidal mixture
Faedi, Filippo
2021/2022
Abstract
The understanding of Brownian Dynamics in Colloidal Mixtures is of primary importance in Physics and Chemistry, due to the role played in several fields ranging from still-debated questions in hydrodynamics to applications in separation methods in industrial processes. This Thesis Work aims at investigating the dynamics of binary colloidal mixtures. In order to perform the experiments in aqueous solvents, it was necessary to produce monodisperse fluorinated nanoparticles with close-to-water refractive index. Gravity settling of Brownian binary suspensions showed instability phenomena. In previous experiments, the tested mixtures where characterized by an inversion phenomena: the less dense particles settle faster because are bigger but in the final equilibrium state floats over the more dense. The this condition was considered the origin of the instabilities in the settling. On the contrary, the performed measurements shows that instabilities seem to arise when the difference in the settling speeds of the two species becomes sufficiently high. In addition, the settling dynamics was compared to the Batchelor’s theoretical results. To further explore this aspect, the short-time self diffusion coefficient of tracer particles in polydisperse suspensions was accessed through dynamic light scattering. The adopted procedure will allow us to extend the experiments to other particles’ size ratio. Sedimentation experiments on the synthesized nanoparticles were also performed in a rotor swing centrifuge, to qualitatively analyze the competition between settling and ordering in monodisperse colloidal suspensions. Preliminary measurements show that, above a given acceleration threshold, a colloidal glass is formed.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/195464