The research intent is to investigate whether the Smart Working model is applicable for operative figures. The starting point has been the definition of Smart Working, the model characteristics, and the levers on which relying on to effectively apply it. Then further detailed analysis has been performed about the two most relevant enabling factors: technology and people. Several new technologies have been deepened to describe their fundamental characteristics and possible areas of application. In this section it has been touched also the theme of Smart Factory and Industry 4.0, trying to draw a possible relationship between them and the Smart Working adoption. Secondly, the theme of people retraining have been discussed. In fact, to efficiently introduce a new way of working, you firstly need to prepare people for the change. For this reason, in that section all techniques and characteristics of retraining have been debated. Once consolidated the theorical background, the theme was deepened in practice. For this purpose, eight business cases have been drafted. Each company’s representative has been interviewed, focusing the talk on the firm Smart Working experience and initiatives. Once collected the different firm records, it was possible to identify some patterns in their storytelling. Therefore, the business cases have been divided into two main groups, according to the level of maturity reached on the Smart Working path. To the first cluster have been assigned all that organizations which have started their Smart transformation acting primarily on the corporate culture, putting a big effort in trying to introduce some Smart practices, even in sectors which are generally traditional and resistant to change. To the other group belong the firms which has successfully introduced Smart Working initiatives to support the employees in performing operative activities. In the interviews clearly emerges the central role of advanced technologies. The combination of technology adaptation and cultural renewal has led to the success of their projects. Lately, once admitted that some features of the Smart Working model can be effectively adopted also for operative roles, the key differences between its application to white and blue collars employees have been deepened. From these observations new research questions rise. The theme is nowadays very popular and constantly evolving. Therefore, given the uncertainty of the future developments of Smart Working, the final aim of this thesis is to open new inspirational discussion and propose questions, rather than giving steady answers.
L'intento della ricerca è quello di indagare se il modello Smart Working sia applicabile ai profili operativi. Il punto di partenza è stata la definizione di Smart Working, le caratteristiche del modello, e le leve su cui fare affidamento per applicarlo efficacemente. Successivamente sono state effettuate ulteriori analisi dettagliate sui due fattori abilitanti più rilevanti: la tecnologia e le persone. Diverse nuove tecnologie sono state approfondite per descrivere le loro caratteristiche fondamentali e possibili aree di applicazione. In questa sezione è stato toccato anche il tema della Smart Factory e Industry 4.0, cercando di disegnare una possibile relazione tra loro e l'adozione dello Smart Working. In secondo luogo, è stato discusso il tema della riqualificazione. Infatti, per introdurre in modo efficiente un nuovo modo di lavorare, si deve prima preparare le persone al cambiamento. Per questo motivo, in questa sezione sono state discusse tutte le tecniche e le caratteristiche della riqualificazione. Una volta consolidato lo sfondo teorico, il tema è stato approfondito nella pratica. A tal fine, sono stati redatti otto casi aziendali. Il rappresentante di ogni azienda è stato intervistato, concentrando il discorso sull'esperienza e le iniziative di Smart Working. Una volta raccolte le testimonianze dei diversi rappresentanti, è stato possibile identificare alcuni tratti ricorrenti nelle loro narrazioni. Pertanto, i business case sono stati suddivisi in due gruppi principali, in base al livello di maturità raggiunto sul percorso di Smart Working. Al primo cluster sono state assegnate tutte quelle organizzazioni che hanno iniziato la loro trasformazione Smart agendo principalmente sulla cultura aziendale, mettendo un grande sforzo nel tentativo di introdurre alcune pratiche Smart, anche in settori generalmente tradizionali e resistenti al cambiamento. All'altro gruppo appartengono le aziende che hanno introdotto con successo iniziative di Smart Working per supportare i dipendenti nello svolgimento delle attività operative. Nelle interviste emerge chiaramente il ruolo centrale delle tecnologie più avanzate. La combinazione di adattamento tecnologico e rinnovamento culturale ha portato al successo dei loro progetti. Da ultimo, una volta ammesso che alcune caratteristiche del modello Smart Working possono essere efficacemente adottate anche per i ruoli operativi, sono state approfondite le principali differenze tra la sua applicazione ai colletti bianchi e blu. Da queste osservazioni sono sorte nuove domande di ricerca. Il tema è oggi molto popolare e in continua evoluzione. Pertanto, data l'incertezza dei futuri sviluppi dello Smart Working, l'obiettivo finale di questa tesi è quello di aprire nuove discussioni e proporre domande, piuttosto che dare ferme risposte.
Smart Working initiatives for operative working profiles
CONIGLIARO, SARAH
2021/2022
Abstract
The research intent is to investigate whether the Smart Working model is applicable for operative figures. The starting point has been the definition of Smart Working, the model characteristics, and the levers on which relying on to effectively apply it. Then further detailed analysis has been performed about the two most relevant enabling factors: technology and people. Several new technologies have been deepened to describe their fundamental characteristics and possible areas of application. In this section it has been touched also the theme of Smart Factory and Industry 4.0, trying to draw a possible relationship between them and the Smart Working adoption. Secondly, the theme of people retraining have been discussed. In fact, to efficiently introduce a new way of working, you firstly need to prepare people for the change. For this reason, in that section all techniques and characteristics of retraining have been debated. Once consolidated the theorical background, the theme was deepened in practice. For this purpose, eight business cases have been drafted. Each company’s representative has been interviewed, focusing the talk on the firm Smart Working experience and initiatives. Once collected the different firm records, it was possible to identify some patterns in their storytelling. Therefore, the business cases have been divided into two main groups, according to the level of maturity reached on the Smart Working path. To the first cluster have been assigned all that organizations which have started their Smart transformation acting primarily on the corporate culture, putting a big effort in trying to introduce some Smart practices, even in sectors which are generally traditional and resistant to change. To the other group belong the firms which has successfully introduced Smart Working initiatives to support the employees in performing operative activities. In the interviews clearly emerges the central role of advanced technologies. The combination of technology adaptation and cultural renewal has led to the success of their projects. Lately, once admitted that some features of the Smart Working model can be effectively adopted also for operative roles, the key differences between its application to white and blue collars employees have been deepened. From these observations new research questions rise. The theme is nowadays very popular and constantly evolving. Therefore, given the uncertainty of the future developments of Smart Working, the final aim of this thesis is to open new inspirational discussion and propose questions, rather than giving steady answers.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/196305