eVTOLs are increasingly establishing as the future of sustainable mobility. Ranging from large industrial giants to small start-ups, these new vehicles are revolutionizing the world of aeronautics. The concepts presented so far all have the peculiarity of distributed propulsion made up of small propellers. Rotor-rotor interactions, therefore, become a central theme in order to assess the performance of this type of engine. This work aims to investigate the aerodynamic interactions present between two tandem propellers in air- plane mode flight condition through a multi-fidelity approach. Already having data from experimental wind tunnel measurements and mid-fidelity software, DUST, the research material was supplemented with high-fidelity simulations in SU2 in order to assess the performance losses of the rear propeller. Initially, the behaviour of a single propeller was analysed in order to have a starting condition for evaluating the losses of the tandem configuration. Thanks to the multi-fidelity approach, it was possible to emphasise the detail of the solutions proposed by SU2, but with a very high computational time, and those extracted from DUST, which is optimal for the study of multi-rotor interactions in relation to the ratio between the quality of the results and low computational effort.
Gli e-VTOLs si stanno sempre più affermando come il futuro della mobilità sostenibile. Passando dai grandi colossi dell’industria fino alle piccole startup, questi nuovi mezzi di trasporto stanno rivoluzionando il mondo dell’aeronautica. I concepts finora presentati hanno tutti la particolarità di avere una propulsione distribuita costituita da piccoli pro- pellers. Le interazioni rotore-rotore diventano quindi un tema centrale per poter valutare le prestazioni di questa tipologia di motori. Questo lavoro si pone l’obiettivo di inda- gare le interazioni aerodinamiche presenti tra due propeller in tandem nella condizione di volo avanzato attraverso un approccio multi-fidelity. Avendo già a disposizione dati provenienti da misure sperimentali in galleria del vento e da un software mid-fidelity, DUST, il materiale di ricerca è stato integrato con simulazioni high-fidelity in SU2 al fine di valutare le perdite di prestazioni del propeller posteriore. Inizialmente si è analizzato il comportamento si un singolo propeller al fine di avere una condizione di partenza per valutare le perdite della configurazione tandem. Grazie all’approccio multi-fidelity è stato possibile sottolineare il dettaglio delle soluzioni proposte da SU2, ma con un tempo com- putazionale molto elevato, e quelle estratte da DUST che risultano essere ottimali per lo studio di interazioni su più rotori in relazione al rapporto tra qualità dei risultati e ridotto sforzo computazionale.
CFD investigation of a tandem propellers configuration for eVTOLs aircraft in airplane mode flight condition
Iannini, Alessio
2021/2022
Abstract
eVTOLs are increasingly establishing as the future of sustainable mobility. Ranging from large industrial giants to small start-ups, these new vehicles are revolutionizing the world of aeronautics. The concepts presented so far all have the peculiarity of distributed propulsion made up of small propellers. Rotor-rotor interactions, therefore, become a central theme in order to assess the performance of this type of engine. This work aims to investigate the aerodynamic interactions present between two tandem propellers in air- plane mode flight condition through a multi-fidelity approach. Already having data from experimental wind tunnel measurements and mid-fidelity software, DUST, the research material was supplemented with high-fidelity simulations in SU2 in order to assess the performance losses of the rear propeller. Initially, the behaviour of a single propeller was analysed in order to have a starting condition for evaluating the losses of the tandem configuration. Thanks to the multi-fidelity approach, it was possible to emphasise the detail of the solutions proposed by SU2, but with a very high computational time, and those extracted from DUST, which is optimal for the study of multi-rotor interactions in relation to the ratio between the quality of the results and low computational effort.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/196755