The present thesis work originates from eight months of internship at Eptainks S.p.A. (CO), where an innovative project was born from strategic partnerships. The purpose was to formulate gravure printing inks meant for the decoration of compostable single-dose food packets, to be distributed across the American market. First, the study of the relevant literature was essential to get familar with the subject matter. The early chapters are about topics ranging from the sustainable development and the food packaging waste management to the gravure printing inks and their requirements for both meeting the product compostability and ensuring the human health. After that, the experimental approach follows. The compostable substrates supplied, candidate materials of the final product, were analyzed in terms of composition, surface free energy and further technical properties, such as thickness, gloss, roughness and transparency. Next, the scouting of the proper raw materials and the sequent formulations ended in the manufacturing, first, of the concentrates and, then, of the inks. During the manufacturing phase, the concentrates were monitored as for the pigment particle size; then, the dry content, the viscosity and the thermal stability were checked in both the concentrates and the inks produced. Throughout the study, several corrections, resulting from both the manufacturing processes and the verification tests, were made. Further analysis, such as the ink weight evaluation and the adhesion and gloss tests, was performed by casting the inks, first, on a corona-treated PET film and, then, on the substrates of interest. The final selection of the most promising substrates was made by means of screening and ranking methods. As for the finalized inks, the last step consisted in press printing them on a one-side treated paper reel, followed by color and microscopic analysis of the prints. Final considerations about sustainability, safety and social issues anticipate the last chapter, which draws the conclusion of this study and hints at its future developments.
Il presente lavoro di tesi nasce da otto mesi di stage – da marzo a ottobre 2022 – presso Eptainks S.p.A. (CO), dove è stato avviato un progetto innovativo a partire da partnership strategiche. Lo scopo ha riguardato la formulazione di inchiostri da stampa rotocalco per la decorazione di bustine alimentari monodose e compostabili, destinate al mercato americano. In primo luogo, lo studio pertinente della letteratura fu essenziale per acquisire una buona conoscenza del settore. I primi capitoli trattano temi che spaziano dallo sviluppo sostenibile e la gestione dei rifiuti derivanti dall’imballaggio alimentare agli inchiostri da stampa rotocalco e i loro requisiti per soddisfare la compostabilità del prodotto e per garantire la salute umana. Successivamente, si procede con l'approccio sperimentale. I substrati compostabili forniti, materiali candidati al prodotto finale, sono stati analizzati in termini di composizione, energia libera superficiale e ulteriori proprietà tecniche, come spessore, lucentezza, rugosità e trasparenza. Lo scouting delle materie prime e le successive formulazioni hanno portato alla produzione, prima, dei concentrati e, poi, degli inchiostri. Durante la preparazione, la granulometria dei concentrati è stata monitorata progressivamente; in seguito, il contenuto secco, la viscosità e la stabilità termica sono stati verificati sia per i concentrati che per gli inchiostri prodotti. Durante tutto lo studio, i processi produttivi e i test di verifica hanno permesso di adottare numerose correzioni. Ulteriori analisi, come la grammatura dell’inchiostro e le prove di adesione e lucentezza, sono state eseguite stampando gli inchiostri, prima, su un film di PET con trattamento corona e, poi, sui substrati di interesse. La selezione finale dei substrati più promettenti è stata effettuata mediante metodi di screening e ranking dei materiali. Per quanto riguarda gli inchiostri finiti, lo stadio finale è stato stampare gli stessi in macchina su una bobina di carta monopatinata, per poi procedere con le analisi del colore e al microscopio delle stampe. Alcune considerazioni finali, legate a sostenibilità, sicurezza ed impatto sociale, anticipano l'ultimo capitolo, il quale trae le conclusioni di questo studio e suggerisce possibili sviluppi futuri.
Gravure inks for single-dose food packaging decoration : a challenge towards compostable products
Campagnola, Fabiola
2021/2022
Abstract
The present thesis work originates from eight months of internship at Eptainks S.p.A. (CO), where an innovative project was born from strategic partnerships. The purpose was to formulate gravure printing inks meant for the decoration of compostable single-dose food packets, to be distributed across the American market. First, the study of the relevant literature was essential to get familar with the subject matter. The early chapters are about topics ranging from the sustainable development and the food packaging waste management to the gravure printing inks and their requirements for both meeting the product compostability and ensuring the human health. After that, the experimental approach follows. The compostable substrates supplied, candidate materials of the final product, were analyzed in terms of composition, surface free energy and further technical properties, such as thickness, gloss, roughness and transparency. Next, the scouting of the proper raw materials and the sequent formulations ended in the manufacturing, first, of the concentrates and, then, of the inks. During the manufacturing phase, the concentrates were monitored as for the pigment particle size; then, the dry content, the viscosity and the thermal stability were checked in both the concentrates and the inks produced. Throughout the study, several corrections, resulting from both the manufacturing processes and the verification tests, were made. Further analysis, such as the ink weight evaluation and the adhesion and gloss tests, was performed by casting the inks, first, on a corona-treated PET film and, then, on the substrates of interest. The final selection of the most promising substrates was made by means of screening and ranking methods. As for the finalized inks, the last step consisted in press printing them on a one-side treated paper reel, followed by color and microscopic analysis of the prints. Final considerations about sustainability, safety and social issues anticipate the last chapter, which draws the conclusion of this study and hints at its future developments.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2022_12_Campagnola.pdf
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2022_12_Campagnola_Executive_Summary.pdf
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Descrizione: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/196815