The Italian judicial system is characterized by an excessive length of trials, which adversely affects the perception of the quality of justice offered in the courtrooms. The proper functioning of the legal apparatus, in addition to being fundamental for the protection of the rights of society, has important repercussions on the economy of a country. Measuring the quality of the service of justice is complex, both because of the plurality of dimensions that contribute to it, and because of the difficulty in quantifying it. If the legal service is understood according to business logic, and judicial proceedings treated as business processes, new ideas and research opportunities emerge. Contributions in the literature that provide support for the monitoring and analysis of civil proceedings are limited. In this thesis, Process Mining techniques have been applied in order to extract from the data provided by the Court of Appeal of the Court of Milan useful information in order to improve the understanding of the operating dynamics underlying civil proceedings. Process Mining is a family of techniques used to analyze processes using event data extracted from information systems. It allows you to provide insights, diagnose problems and automatically activate corrective actions. The methodology developed in this work allows to analyze the performance of the sections of the Court of Appeal, to monitor the progress of civil processes and to assess the impact that the AUP staff is having in reducing the timing of the definition of proceedings. In addition, an initial predictor for the duration of civil proceedings is proposed, based on the median of the durations of proceedings broken down by legal matter. The analysis of the processes grouped by legal object made it possible to observe the differences between them. In particular, investigating the peculiarities of the 'Case Variants' of each object, it was possible to note what were the main modalities, and the relative timing, of definition of the processes. Analyzing the data with reference to the legal matter, it was possible to observe the distribution of the processes in the various sections and it was possible to compare their performance. Through a deep dive on the macro-phases that make up a civil appeal process, it was possible to analyze performance at a higher granularity level. The analysis of the impact of AUP staff showed a reduction in the time frame for defining legal cases. Moreover, the estimation of the durations of proceedings based on the median of the durations of the processes divided by legal subject matter is sufficiently effective in the predictive field. In conclusion, the proposed methodology can be used as a framework for the analysis of civil processes in Italian courts, with the aim of improving their functioning and efficiency.
Il sistema giudiziario italiano è caratterizzato da un'eccessiva durata dei processi, che incide negativamente sulla percezione della qualità della giustizia offerta nelle aule giudiziarie. Il corretto funzionamento dell’apparato giuridico oltre ad essere fondamentale per la tutela dei diritti della società, ha ripercussioni importanti sull’economia di un paese. Misurare la qualità del servizio di giustizia è complesso, sia per la pluralità di dimensioni che vi contribuiscono, sia per la difficoltà nella sua quantificazione. Qualora il servizio giuridico venisse inteso secondo logiche di business, e i procedimenti giudiziari trattati come processi di business, nuovi spunti e possibilità di ricerca emergono. I contributi nella letteratura che forniscono supporto per il monitoraggio e l'analisi dei procedimenti civili sono limitati. In questa tesi sono state applicate tecniche di Process Mining allo scopo di estrarre dai dati forniti dalla Corte d’Appello del Tribunale di Milano informazioni utili al fine di migliorare la comprensione delle dinamiche operative sottostanti ai procedimenti civili. Il Process Mining è una famiglia di tecniche utilizzata per analizzare i processi utilizzando i dati degli eventi estratti dai sistemi informativi. Permette di fornire approfondimenti, diagnosticare i problemi e attivare automaticamente le azioni correttive. La metodologia sviluppata in questo lavoro consente di analizzare le performance delle sezioni della Corte d’Appello, di monitorare l’andamento dei processi civili e valutare l’impatto che lo staff AUP sta avendo nella riduzione delle tempistiche di definizione dei procedimenti. Inoltre, si propone un predittore iniziale per le durate dei processi civili, basato sulla mediana delle durate dei procedimenti suddivisi per materia giuridica. L’analisi dei processi raggruppati per oggetto giuridico ha permesso di osservare le differenze che intercorrono tra di essi. In particolare, investigando le peculiarità delle ‘Case Variants’ di ogni oggetto, è stato possibile notare quali fossero le principali modalità, e le relative tempistiche, di definizione dei processi. Analizzando i dati con riferimento alla materia giuridica, si è potuto osservare la distribuzione dei processi nelle varie sezioni ed è stato possibile confrontarne le prestazioni. Attraverso un deep-dive sulle macro-fasi che compongono un processo civile in appello, è stato possibile analizzare le performance a un livello di granularità maggiore. L’analisi sull’impatto del personale AUP ha mostrato una riduzione nelle tempistiche di definizione dei casi giuridici. Inoltre, la stima delle durate dei procedimenti basata sulla mediana delle durate dei processi suddivisi per materia giuridica risulta essere sufficientemente efficace in ambito predittivo. In conclusione, la metodologia proposta può essere utilizzata come framework per l’analisi dei processi civili nei tribunali italiani, con l’obiettivo di migliorarne il funzionamento e l’efficienza.
Temporal Analysis of Italian Civil Cases: the Appeal Court of Milan
Del Treste, Mattia
2021/2022
Abstract
The Italian judicial system is characterized by an excessive length of trials, which adversely affects the perception of the quality of justice offered in the courtrooms. The proper functioning of the legal apparatus, in addition to being fundamental for the protection of the rights of society, has important repercussions on the economy of a country. Measuring the quality of the service of justice is complex, both because of the plurality of dimensions that contribute to it, and because of the difficulty in quantifying it. If the legal service is understood according to business logic, and judicial proceedings treated as business processes, new ideas and research opportunities emerge. Contributions in the literature that provide support for the monitoring and analysis of civil proceedings are limited. In this thesis, Process Mining techniques have been applied in order to extract from the data provided by the Court of Appeal of the Court of Milan useful information in order to improve the understanding of the operating dynamics underlying civil proceedings. Process Mining is a family of techniques used to analyze processes using event data extracted from information systems. It allows you to provide insights, diagnose problems and automatically activate corrective actions. The methodology developed in this work allows to analyze the performance of the sections of the Court of Appeal, to monitor the progress of civil processes and to assess the impact that the AUP staff is having in reducing the timing of the definition of proceedings. In addition, an initial predictor for the duration of civil proceedings is proposed, based on the median of the durations of proceedings broken down by legal matter. The analysis of the processes grouped by legal object made it possible to observe the differences between them. In particular, investigating the peculiarities of the 'Case Variants' of each object, it was possible to note what were the main modalities, and the relative timing, of definition of the processes. Analyzing the data with reference to the legal matter, it was possible to observe the distribution of the processes in the various sections and it was possible to compare their performance. Through a deep dive on the macro-phases that make up a civil appeal process, it was possible to analyze performance at a higher granularity level. The analysis of the impact of AUP staff showed a reduction in the time frame for defining legal cases. Moreover, the estimation of the durations of proceedings based on the median of the durations of the processes divided by legal subject matter is sufficiently effective in the predictive field. In conclusion, the proposed methodology can be used as a framework for the analysis of civil processes in Italian courts, with the aim of improving their functioning and efficiency.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2022_12_Del_Treste.pdf
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2022_12_Del_Treste_E_S.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/197585