The raise of concern towards the climate action is demanding a careful attention in the definition of suitable policies, with a consequent need of insightful information to drive an effective and just green transition. In the setting of the European Green Deal (EGD), the set of legislative actions and policies aiming to make Europe carbon neutral by 2050, the uncertainties on the macroeconomic outlook of the plan are exacerbated by the heterogenous context of the continent. Therefore, the present work aims to assess the social consequences in Italy, in terms of employment, consequent to the development of the policies established by the EGD to achieve the intermediate targets set for 2030. The additional novelty of the study stands in the provincial level of the results, increasing their insightfulness and usefulness. Before measuring the impacts on employment, a first step of analysis is constituted by an introductive input-output analysis performed to highlight the sectors and provinces that appear to be most exposed towards the risks of the green transition. The net impacts of employment are computed in two consecutive steps, with the first measuring the employment posed at risk by the achievement of the 2030 and the second assessing the positive employment generated by the green investments. The sum of the two results returns an overall net negative impact of the policies, that is differently distributed on the northern and southern provinces of the country and varies depending on the environmental targets set for 2030.
La crescente importanza e necessità di azioni atte a contrastare gli evidenti effetti dei cambiamenti climatici richiede un'attenta definizione di politiche climatiche e ambientali adeguate, imponendo la necessità di informazioni approfondite per sostenere e favore l’efficacia della transizione verde. Le prospettive macroeconomiche del Green Deal europeo, l'insieme delle azioni legislative e politiche che ambiscono ad azzerare le emissioni nette europee entro il 2050, sono incerte, e la valutazione dei risultati a livello dei singoli stati membri è ancor più difficoltosa, e perciò importante, per il contesto eterogeneo del continente. Pertanto, il presente lavoro si propone di valutare le ricadute sociali in Italia, in termini occupazionali, conseguenti allo sviluppo delle politiche stabilite dal Green Deal per il conseguimento degli obiettivi intermedi fissati per il 2030. L’originalità e il contributo dello studio sono da tracciare nella proposizione dei risultati non solo a livello nazionale, ma ancor più per la loro distribuzione su scala provinciale, aumentandone notevolmente l’importanza e interesse. Prima di misurare gli impatti sull'occupazione, una prima analisi input-output introduce i settori e le province che appaiono maggiormente esposti ai rischi della transizione verde. Gli impatti netti dell'occupazione sono calcolati in due fasi consecutive, misurando dapprima l'occupazione messa a rischio dal raggiungimento degli obiettivi di riduzione di emissioni fissati per il 2030 e consecutivamente l'occupazione positiva generata dagli investimenti pianificati a supporto della transizione. La somma dei due risultati riporta un impatto negativo netto complessivo sull’occupazione, diversamente distribuito sulle province settentrionali e meridionali del Paese e variabile a seconda degli obiettivi fissati per il 2030.
The European Green Deal and its impacts on Italian employment at provincial-level
ZAMARCO, MATTEO
2021/2022
Abstract
The raise of concern towards the climate action is demanding a careful attention in the definition of suitable policies, with a consequent need of insightful information to drive an effective and just green transition. In the setting of the European Green Deal (EGD), the set of legislative actions and policies aiming to make Europe carbon neutral by 2050, the uncertainties on the macroeconomic outlook of the plan are exacerbated by the heterogenous context of the continent. Therefore, the present work aims to assess the social consequences in Italy, in terms of employment, consequent to the development of the policies established by the EGD to achieve the intermediate targets set for 2030. The additional novelty of the study stands in the provincial level of the results, increasing their insightfulness and usefulness. Before measuring the impacts on employment, a first step of analysis is constituted by an introductive input-output analysis performed to highlight the sectors and provinces that appear to be most exposed towards the risks of the green transition. The net impacts of employment are computed in two consecutive steps, with the first measuring the employment posed at risk by the achievement of the 2030 and the second assessing the positive employment generated by the green investments. The sum of the two results returns an overall net negative impact of the policies, that is differently distributed on the northern and southern provinces of the country and varies depending on the environmental targets set for 2030.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2022_12_Zamarco_01.pdf
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Descrizione: Executive summary
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2022_12_Zamarco_02.pdf
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Descrizione: Dissertation
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4.52 MB
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4.52 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/197648