The period we are facing, influenced by exceptional events and of great impact on energy production and need, is drawing attention to the potential that nuclear energy can have on the overall energy supply. Although currently, national executives, public opinion, and environmental groups debate, and sometimes agree on its use and potential, the existing nuclear power supply is limited. The existing realities do not meet the necessary requirements for a possible implementation, some should be seriously checked for safety reasons, while many others are close to the end of their lifecycles. This led to increased attention on projects of this type. Due to the size, complexity and length of the decommissioning projects, the risk management process, in particular the selection of mitigation actions related to them, is fundamental. However, although these projects are so complex and delicate, even from an health and safety point of view, there is no structured experience in the field of risk management and their treatment in the literature. Therefore, the authors wanted to propose a model that could contribute to better management, reducing the impact of uncertainties and considering the secondary risks. These are the ones generated from the implementation of one or more primary mitigation actions, and it is believed that their consideration is very important to avoid that the attempt to mitigate a risk result in worse consequences. The proposed model has the objective, therefore, to fulfill the gap present in the literature introducing, for the choice of mitigation actions, an algorithm of optimization and the consequences of the secondary risks. To confirm the validity of the model and underline its strengths and weaknesses, it was possible to apply it to a decommissioning project in Italy. The application of the model is possible using Excel solver, which allows a simple, intuitive and friendly use, making this study as an excellent tool to support the project manager in risk management. It can select optimal mitigation actions taking into account the impact on time and their overall implementation cost. The approach resulted to be particularly effective in this type of projects, but it is possible to extend its implementation to studies of similar duration and complexity.
Il periodo che stiamo affrontando, influenzato da eventi eccezionali e di grande impatto sulla produzione e la richiesta energetica, sta evidenziando il potenziale impatto che l’energia nucleare potrebbe avere sulla produzione energetica mondiale. Anche se attualmente governi nazionali, opinione pubblica e gruppi ambientalisti dibattono, e talvolta concordano sul suo uso e potenziale, la produzione attuale di energia nucleare è limitata. Alcune delle realtà esistenti devono essere sottoposte a controlli di sicurezza, mentre altre sono vicine alla fine del loro ciclo vita. Tale condizione ha portato ad aumentare l’attenzione su progetti legati ad impianti nucleari e di conseguenza al loro smantellamento. Per la grandezza, complessità e lunghezza dei progetti di smantellamento nucleare risulta essere fondamentale il processo di gestione dei rischi ed in particolare della selezione delle azioni di mitigazione ad essi correlate. Tuttavia, nonostante si tratti di progetti così complessi e delicati, anche da un punto di visita di sicurezza e salute, non è presente in letteratura un’importante esperienza in campo di gestione dei rischi e loro trattamento. Per questo si è voluto proporre un modello che potesse contribuire ad una migliore gestione, diminuendo l’impatto delle incertezze e aggiungendo le conseguenze dovute ad eventuali rischi secondari. Quest’ultimi sono i rischi che si generano dall’implementazione di una o più azioni di mitigazione, e si ritiene essere molto importante la loro considerazione per evitare che il tentativo di mitigare un rischio scaturisca conseguenze peggiori. Il modello proposto ha l’obbiettivo quindi di colmare tale gap presente in letteratura, introducendo un algoritmo che ottimizzi la selezione delle azioni di mitigazione. Per confermare la validità del modello e poterne sottolineare punti di forza e di debolezza, è stato possibile applicarlo ad un progetto di smantellamento nucleare in Italia. L’applicazione del modello è possibile tramite l’utilizzo di Excel solver, che permette un utilizzo semplice, intuitivo e veloce, rendendo questo studio un ottimo strumento di supporto al project manager nella gestione dei rischi. Il modello proposto è in grado di selezionare le azioni di mitigazioni ottimali, minimizzando i tempi di progetto e rimanendo al di sotto di un budget massimo predefinito. L’approccio risulta essere particolarmente efficace in questo tipo di progetti, ma è possibile ampliare la sua implementazione a studi di durata e complessità simile.
Selection of mitigation actions in nuclear decommissioning projects through optimization methods
LARDIERI, FEDERICO;MARAVIGLIA, FRANCESCA
2021/2022
Abstract
The period we are facing, influenced by exceptional events and of great impact on energy production and need, is drawing attention to the potential that nuclear energy can have on the overall energy supply. Although currently, national executives, public opinion, and environmental groups debate, and sometimes agree on its use and potential, the existing nuclear power supply is limited. The existing realities do not meet the necessary requirements for a possible implementation, some should be seriously checked for safety reasons, while many others are close to the end of their lifecycles. This led to increased attention on projects of this type. Due to the size, complexity and length of the decommissioning projects, the risk management process, in particular the selection of mitigation actions related to them, is fundamental. However, although these projects are so complex and delicate, even from an health and safety point of view, there is no structured experience in the field of risk management and their treatment in the literature. Therefore, the authors wanted to propose a model that could contribute to better management, reducing the impact of uncertainties and considering the secondary risks. These are the ones generated from the implementation of one or more primary mitigation actions, and it is believed that their consideration is very important to avoid that the attempt to mitigate a risk result in worse consequences. The proposed model has the objective, therefore, to fulfill the gap present in the literature introducing, for the choice of mitigation actions, an algorithm of optimization and the consequences of the secondary risks. To confirm the validity of the model and underline its strengths and weaknesses, it was possible to apply it to a decommissioning project in Italy. The application of the model is possible using Excel solver, which allows a simple, intuitive and friendly use, making this study as an excellent tool to support the project manager in risk management. It can select optimal mitigation actions taking into account the impact on time and their overall implementation cost. The approach resulted to be particularly effective in this type of projects, but it is possible to extend its implementation to studies of similar duration and complexity.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Tesi_Lardieri_Maraviglia.pdf
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ExecutiveSummary_Lardieri_Maraviglia.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/197753