Food waste is estimated to be over one billion tons each year (FAO, 2018) causing a high financial and environmental cost. Meanwhile, the difficulty of feeding an ever-growing population is well known (FAO, 2020). Therefore, using food waste as a resource in production in a circular economy has a clear dual benefit (Moshtaghian et al, 2021), but many companies hesitate to enter this new economic paradigm due to lack of information. The aim of this research is precisely to shed light on the different activities of food waste valorization, in particular recycling, and on those characteristics that can determine the success or failure of companies in this new economic paradigm as the homogeneity of the waste being recycled, and consumer acceptance of receiving recycled products. In this research, a sample of 128 startups from around the world was created. A categorization into 10 archetypes was made based on this sample. Then, a level of homogeneity was assigned to the food wastes used by the startups in the sample, through a taxonomy created for this purpose. A comparison across categories was made thanks to statistical tests that showed significant differences. Afterwards, consumer acceptance was compared between the various products in these categories with a questionnaire, and 104 answers were analyzed. Also, it was revealed how consumer characteristics influence consumer acceptance. The results of this research can inspire new entrepreneurs in the circular economy and make them more aware of certain categories of food waste utilization, with their limitations and strengths. Existing companies can explore issues such as homogeneity of waste, which is useful to determine stability and reliability in production, and consumer acceptance, which is useful to define the target and the importance of tools such as information. In general, this research aims to facilitate and stimulate companies' entry into the circular economic paradigm. Furthermore, it contributes to the academic literature by providing findings such as new archetypes and tools such as the taxonomy of food waste homogeneity, on which future research can be built.
Gli scarti alimentari si stimano essere oltre un miliardo di tonnellate ogni anno (FAO, 2018), causando un alto costo finanziario ed ambientale. Nel frattempo, la difficoltà di alimentare una popolazione sempre crescente è ormai nota (FAO, 2020). Perciò, usare gli scarti alimentari come risorsa nella produzione in un’economia circolare ha un chiaro duplice vantaggio (Moshtaghian et al, 2021), ma molte aziende esitano ad entrare in questo nuovo paradigma economico per carenza di informazioni. L’obiettivo di questa ricerca è proprio quello di fare luce sulle diverse possibilità di valorizzazione degli scarti alimentari, in particolare sul riciclaggio, e su quelle caratteristiche che possono determinare il successo o l’insuccesso delle aziende in questo nuovo paradigma economico: l’omogeneità dei rifiuti che vengono riciclati, e l’accettazione del consumatore a ricevere prodotti riciclati. In questa ricerca è stato creato un campione di 128 startups di tutto il mondo. Una categorizzazione in dieci archetipi è stata fatta basandosi su tale campione. In seguito, è stato assegnato un livello di omogeneità ai rifiuti alimentari utilizzati dalle startups del campione, tramite una tassonomia creata per questo scopo. Un confronto tra le diverse categorie è stato effettuato grazie anche a test statistici che hanno evidenziato delle differenze. Dopodiché, l’accettazione del consumatore è stata comparata tra i vari prodotti di queste categorie con un questionario, e 104 risposte sono state analizzate. Differenze tra archetipi sono state trovate ed analizzate anche alla luce di caratteristiche dei consumatori. I risultati di questa ricerca possono ispirare nuovi imprenditori nell’economia circolare e renderli più consapevoli di determinate categorie di valorizzazione di scarti alimentari, con i loro limiti e punti di forza. Aziende già esistenti, possono approfondire temi quali omogeneità dei rifiuti, utile a determinare stabilità ed affidabilità nella produzione, e accettazione del consumatore, utile a definire il target e la necessità di strumenti quali l’informazione. In generale, questa ricerca ha lo scopo di facilitare e stimolare l’ingresso delle aziende in questo paradigma economico circolare. Inoltre, questa tesi contribuisce alla letteratura accademica fornendo risultati e strumenti su cui basare ricerche future.
From supply to demand: an analysis on 128 circular business models in the agri-food industry
Rizzotti, Caterina
2021/2022
Abstract
Food waste is estimated to be over one billion tons each year (FAO, 2018) causing a high financial and environmental cost. Meanwhile, the difficulty of feeding an ever-growing population is well known (FAO, 2020). Therefore, using food waste as a resource in production in a circular economy has a clear dual benefit (Moshtaghian et al, 2021), but many companies hesitate to enter this new economic paradigm due to lack of information. The aim of this research is precisely to shed light on the different activities of food waste valorization, in particular recycling, and on those characteristics that can determine the success or failure of companies in this new economic paradigm as the homogeneity of the waste being recycled, and consumer acceptance of receiving recycled products. In this research, a sample of 128 startups from around the world was created. A categorization into 10 archetypes was made based on this sample. Then, a level of homogeneity was assigned to the food wastes used by the startups in the sample, through a taxonomy created for this purpose. A comparison across categories was made thanks to statistical tests that showed significant differences. Afterwards, consumer acceptance was compared between the various products in these categories with a questionnaire, and 104 answers were analyzed. Also, it was revealed how consumer characteristics influence consumer acceptance. The results of this research can inspire new entrepreneurs in the circular economy and make them more aware of certain categories of food waste utilization, with their limitations and strengths. Existing companies can explore issues such as homogeneity of waste, which is useful to determine stability and reliability in production, and consumer acceptance, which is useful to define the target and the importance of tools such as information. In general, this research aims to facilitate and stimulate companies' entry into the circular economic paradigm. Furthermore, it contributes to the academic literature by providing findings such as new archetypes and tools such as the taxonomy of food waste homogeneity, on which future research can be built.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Thesis_Rizzotti.pdf
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Descrizione: From supply to demand: an analysis on 128 circular business models in the agri-food industry
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Executive_Summary_Rizzotti.pdf
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Descrizione: Executive summary
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/198323