Weathering steels are ferrous alloys characterized by a lower carbon content and the presence of higher percentage of other alloy elements with respect to mild steels. Due to its chemical composition in principle when exposed to atmospheric weathering steel produces protective corrosion products, which are solid and compact. To achieve this goal, several conditions must be observed once weathering steel is put in contact with the surrounding environment. The most important one is that wet and dry cycles must be experienced by the surface to guarantee that the corrosion product from a resistant patina on the surface. In this thesis the properties of weathering steels belonging to the same family (Corten A), with and without artificial patina and but with a different exposure history have been analysed to establish similarities and differences. -Naturally patinated, in non-optimal conditions, 5x5 cm samples called AWS; -Artificially patinated, from Copperture factory, 5x5 cm samples called PWS; -A sheltered area belonging to a protecting roof in Politecnico campus called SWS; -An unsheltered area belonging to a protecting roof in Politecnico campus called UWS. Then, three of them (PWS have been excluded) have been subjected to a cleaning procedure and then characterized again. Finally, the cleaned three have been biopatinated with a promising methodology based on the use of a fungi gel whom aim is to quickly (after 15 days of application) oxidize the metal surface to create a much more compact and protective layer. The surfaces have been characterized before and after cleaning and after biopatination from three main points of view: -Aesthetical properties have been investigated by microscopy and colorimetric analyses; -Surface chemical composition analysis, with the use of XRD, Raman and FTIS techniques have been performed; -Corrosion resistance analysis by means of Linear Polarization Resistance and Impedance Spectroscopy have been executed with two different devices. The main aim was to produce a corrosion resistant patina in a shorter time with respect to natural exposure and at the same time, to have a uniform patina since Weathering steel is very used in civil engineering and cultural heritage thanks to his pleasing visual aspect. Cleaning resulted to have a positive effect on the corrosion resistance, that was slightly improved. Concerning the biopatination procedure, even though a strong heterogeneity of the surface was observed after biopatination, some highly promising results emerged from polarization resistance measurements.
Gli acciai patinati sono acciai basso legati, in quanto caratterizzati da una bassa percentuale di carbonio nella loro composizione mentre altri elementi sono presenti in percentuali maggiori rispetto ai classici acciai al carbonio. Proprio questa composizione chimica permette ai prodotti di corrosione del ferro che coprono la superficie di essere più compatti e protettivi nei confronti della corrosione atmosferica. Alcune condizioni ambientali sono necessarie per lo sviluppo di tale patina protettiva; sicuramente la più importante è il fatto che la superficie sia sottoposta a cicli di asciutto e bagnato. In questa tesi, proprio per verificare la relazione tra condizione di formazione della patina e protezione dalla corrosione, sono state analizzate le proprietà di quattro patine naturali e artificiali cresciute su acciai della stessa famiglia (Cor-Ten A) in differenti condizioni: -Una patina artificialmente prodotta dalla fabbrica Copperture su campioni 5x5 cm chiamati PWS, -Una patina naturale formatasi spontaneamente in laboratorio su campioni 5x5 cm chiamati AWS; -Una patina creata su una pensilina del campus Leonardo del Politecnico di Milano in un’area protetta dalla pioggia (SWS); -Una patina creata su una pensilina del campus Leonardo del Politecnico di Milano in un’area non protetta dalla pioggia (UWS). Tre di queste patine (PWS esclusa) sono poi state sottoposte a una procedura di pulitura e rimozione degli stati superficiali meno stabili e quindi nuovamente caratterizzate. Infine, le medesime tre patine sono state sottoposte a una procedura di biopatinatura con funghi il cui obiettivo, nei 15 giorni di applicazione, è garantire la rapida formazione di prodotti di corrosione che dovrebbero risultare più compatti e protettivi di quelli formatisi naturalmente. Le varie superfici nei vari passaggi di pulitura e biopatinatura sono state caratterizzate secondo tre aspetti principali. -Aspetto estetico caratterizzato tramite misure di colorimetria e microscopia; -Analisi della composizione della patina tramite l’uso di diverse tecniche di investigazione: XRD, RAMAN, FTIR; -Analisi della resistenza a corrosione tramite LPR (resistenza a polarizzazione) e EIS (spettroscopia), eseguite con due diverse metodologie, una sonda e un mini-elettrodo. Lo scopo principale è quello di comprendere quali metodi si possono utilizzare per migliorare la protezione della superficie in tempi più brevi rispetto a quelli molto lunghi (anni) della formazione di una patina naturale adeguatamente protettiva. Il trattamento di pulitura si è dimostrato generalmente un processo migliorativo per la resistenza a corrosione della superficie. La biopatinatura invece, nonostante in alcuni punti abbia generato risultati molto buoni dal punto di vista della resistenza della corrosione ha un grande problema di disuniformità della superficie anche alla semplice analisi visiva. È indubbio però che il trattamento abbia delle ottime potenzialità una volta compreso come rendere omogeneo il risultato.
Corrosion resitance and characterization of weathering steel patinas
MAGHINI, LUCA
2021/2022
Abstract
Weathering steels are ferrous alloys characterized by a lower carbon content and the presence of higher percentage of other alloy elements with respect to mild steels. Due to its chemical composition in principle when exposed to atmospheric weathering steel produces protective corrosion products, which are solid and compact. To achieve this goal, several conditions must be observed once weathering steel is put in contact with the surrounding environment. The most important one is that wet and dry cycles must be experienced by the surface to guarantee that the corrosion product from a resistant patina on the surface. In this thesis the properties of weathering steels belonging to the same family (Corten A), with and without artificial patina and but with a different exposure history have been analysed to establish similarities and differences. -Naturally patinated, in non-optimal conditions, 5x5 cm samples called AWS; -Artificially patinated, from Copperture factory, 5x5 cm samples called PWS; -A sheltered area belonging to a protecting roof in Politecnico campus called SWS; -An unsheltered area belonging to a protecting roof in Politecnico campus called UWS. Then, three of them (PWS have been excluded) have been subjected to a cleaning procedure and then characterized again. Finally, the cleaned three have been biopatinated with a promising methodology based on the use of a fungi gel whom aim is to quickly (after 15 days of application) oxidize the metal surface to create a much more compact and protective layer. The surfaces have been characterized before and after cleaning and after biopatination from three main points of view: -Aesthetical properties have been investigated by microscopy and colorimetric analyses; -Surface chemical composition analysis, with the use of XRD, Raman and FTIS techniques have been performed; -Corrosion resistance analysis by means of Linear Polarization Resistance and Impedance Spectroscopy have been executed with two different devices. The main aim was to produce a corrosion resistant patina in a shorter time with respect to natural exposure and at the same time, to have a uniform patina since Weathering steel is very used in civil engineering and cultural heritage thanks to his pleasing visual aspect. Cleaning resulted to have a positive effect on the corrosion resistance, that was slightly improved. Concerning the biopatination procedure, even though a strong heterogeneity of the surface was observed after biopatination, some highly promising results emerged from polarization resistance measurements.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2022_12_Maghini_ES.pdf
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2022_12_Maghini.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/198501