Particular design issues in tiltrotors produce wings that are thick and highly loaded, inhibiting efficient aerodynamic performance. For this reason a CFD model to accurately describe the aerodynamics of the wing airfoil is needed. The possibility to increase the relative thickness is explored by means of the same CFD model. Numerical simulations provide an estimate of the worsening of the aerodynamic performance and test the limits of the maximum thickness to chord ratio still ensuring flaperon efficiency. From the analysis it is concluded whether or not the loss of performance and the possibility to expand the range of feasible relative thickness is within the capability of common stall delay devices. Firstly considerations on the physics of the problem are taken into account in the developing of the SU2 CFD model, by performing a grid convergence study and an analysis on the turbulence models. Then, the numerical simulation results for the current configuration are compared to c81 data of a similar airfoil for validation. Once the model is finalized, conclusions on the relevant aerodynamic properties are drawn from the numerical results of the simulations for different thickness to chord ratio. Lastly, the aerodynamic results are taken into account with the structural considerations for stability requirements.
A causa di problematiche strutturali, le ali del tiltrotor presentano un profilo particolarmente spesso e sono soggette ad alti carichi. Queste caratteristiche inficiano negativamente sulla performance aerodinamica. Da qui quindi la necessità di un modello CFD in grado di fornire una descrizione accurata dell’aerodinamica. Inoltre, la possibilità di aumentare lo spessore del profilo può essere presa in considerazione sfruttando lo stesso modello CFD, con il quale ottenere una stima del peggioramento delle performance aerodinamiche. In particolare modo, a partire dai risultati delle simulazioni numeriche si può ponderare l’utilizzo di tecnologie di stall delay per recuperare la perdita di performance o estendere il range di spessori per cui la superficie di controllo è ancora efficace. In primo luogo, il modello CFD in SU2 viene sviluppato partendo da considerazioni sulla fisica del problema attraverso uno studio di convergenza di griglia e una analisi sui modelli di turbolenza. La validazione del modello avviene tramite confronto dei risultati numerici per il profilo attuale con i dati c81 per un profilo con caratteristiche simili. Una volta validato il modello, conclusioni sulle principali proprietà aerodinamiche sono tratte dagli esiti delle simulazioni numeriche per differenti valori di spessore percentuale. In ultimo luogo, i risultati aerodinamici sono presi in considerazione tenendo conto delle richieste strutturali per i requisiti di stabilità.
CFD analysis of the wing airfoil of an advanced Tiltrotor aircraft
CERUDELLI, ELENA
2021/2022
Abstract
Particular design issues in tiltrotors produce wings that are thick and highly loaded, inhibiting efficient aerodynamic performance. For this reason a CFD model to accurately describe the aerodynamics of the wing airfoil is needed. The possibility to increase the relative thickness is explored by means of the same CFD model. Numerical simulations provide an estimate of the worsening of the aerodynamic performance and test the limits of the maximum thickness to chord ratio still ensuring flaperon efficiency. From the analysis it is concluded whether or not the loss of performance and the possibility to expand the range of feasible relative thickness is within the capability of common stall delay devices. Firstly considerations on the physics of the problem are taken into account in the developing of the SU2 CFD model, by performing a grid convergence study and an analysis on the turbulence models. Then, the numerical simulation results for the current configuration are compared to c81 data of a similar airfoil for validation. Once the model is finalized, conclusions on the relevant aerodynamic properties are drawn from the numerical results of the simulations for different thickness to chord ratio. Lastly, the aerodynamic results are taken into account with the structural considerations for stability requirements.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/198558