With the advent of new technologies, the science community began the study of the Earth and the other regions of the Solar System. In particular, there is an increasing interest in the study and exploration of asteroids due to many different reasons such as: the possibility of performing mining, In-situ Resource utilisation and deflection of a potential harmful trajectory towards Earth. Missions to asteroids start with a recognition phase, where the mapping of the surface of an asteroid could benefit from the combination of observation given by multiple spacecraft in formation. The aim of this thesis is to study Coulomb Control in formation flying around an asteroid. In literature, this kind of control has been investigated related to an orbit around Earth, where the effect of external perturbations, such as atmospheric drag and spherical harmonics of the gravitational field, was included in the model. Starting from the already available work in the literature, this thesis seeks to apply the Coulomb control to a formation around asteroids. A first test case around the asteroid Eros is investigated, to identify the applicability of the Couloumb control in presence of an irregular asteroid shape and, consequently, and irregular gravitational field. In this thesis, an absolute orbital propagator was developed taking into account an arbitrary number of degree and order of spherical harmonics. Then, a relative orbit propagator now taking into account only J2 was developed exploiting the benefit of the State Transition Matrix and an osculating to mean transformation. Finally, with all the previous building blocks, it was possible to implement the Coulomb Control and to validate it. In order to test the control, three different scenarios are proposed: one around Earth and two around Eros. For the case of Eros, it was important to relate the scenario to an environment suitable for a potential mission around the asteroid. The work implemented in this thesis could be applied to further studies, and future missions to asteroids could benefit from the models and analyses proposed.
Con l’avvento delle nuove tecnologie, la comunità scientifica iniziò lo studio della Terra e delle altre regioni del Sistema Solare. In particolare, c’è un crescente interesse per lo studio e l’esplorazione degli asteroidi dovuto a molte ragioni diverse come: la possibilità di eseguire attività minerarie, l’utilizzo di risorse in-situ e la deviazione di una potenziale traiettoria dannosa verso la Terra. Le missioni sugli asteroidi iniziano con una fase di riconoscimento, dove la mappatura della superficie di un asteroide potrebbe beneficiare della combinazione di osservazione data da più veicoli spaziali in formazione. Lo scopo di questa tesi è studiare il controllo di Coulomb in formazione attorno ad un asteroide. In letteratura, questo tipo di controllo è stato studiato in relazione ad un’orbita attorno alla Terra, dove l’effetto di perturbazioni esterne, come la resistenza atmosferica e le armoniche sferiche del campo gravitazionale, è stato incluso nel modello. Partendo dal lavoro già disponibile in letteratura, questa tesi cerca di applicare il controllo di Coulomb ad una formazione attorno ad asteroidi. Viene indagato un primo caso di prova intorno all’asteroide Eros, per identificare l’applicabilità del controllo di Couloumb in presenza di una forma irregolare dell’asteroide e, di conseguenza, di un campo gravitazionale irregolare. In questa tesi è stato sviluppato un propagatore orbitale assoluto tenendo conto di un numero arbitrario di grado e ordine di armoniche sferiche. Quindi, è stato sviluppato un propagatore di orbite relative che ora tiene conto solo di J2 sfruttando il vantaggio della Matrice di Transizione di Stato e una trasformazione da osculante a media. Infine, con tutti gli elementi costitutivi precedenti, è stato possibile implementare il controllo di Coulomb e convalidarlo. Per testare il controllo vengono proposti tre diversi scenari: uno intorno alla Terra e due attorno a Eros. Per il caso di Eros, era importante mettere in relazione lo scenario con un ambiente adatto a una potenziale missione intorno all’asteroide. Il lavoro implementato in questa tesi potrebbe essere applicato a ulteriori studi e le future missioni sugli asteroidi potrebbero beneficiare dei modelli e delle analisi proposte.
Coulomb control formation flying around an asteroid
Sánchez Valverde, Álvaro
2022/2023
Abstract
With the advent of new technologies, the science community began the study of the Earth and the other regions of the Solar System. In particular, there is an increasing interest in the study and exploration of asteroids due to many different reasons such as: the possibility of performing mining, In-situ Resource utilisation and deflection of a potential harmful trajectory towards Earth. Missions to asteroids start with a recognition phase, where the mapping of the surface of an asteroid could benefit from the combination of observation given by multiple spacecraft in formation. The aim of this thesis is to study Coulomb Control in formation flying around an asteroid. In literature, this kind of control has been investigated related to an orbit around Earth, where the effect of external perturbations, such as atmospheric drag and spherical harmonics of the gravitational field, was included in the model. Starting from the already available work in the literature, this thesis seeks to apply the Coulomb control to a formation around asteroids. A first test case around the asteroid Eros is investigated, to identify the applicability of the Couloumb control in presence of an irregular asteroid shape and, consequently, and irregular gravitational field. In this thesis, an absolute orbital propagator was developed taking into account an arbitrary number of degree and order of spherical harmonics. Then, a relative orbit propagator now taking into account only J2 was developed exploiting the benefit of the State Transition Matrix and an osculating to mean transformation. Finally, with all the previous building blocks, it was possible to implement the Coulomb Control and to validate it. In order to test the control, three different scenarios are proposed: one around Earth and two around Eros. For the case of Eros, it was important to relate the scenario to an environment suitable for a potential mission around the asteroid. The work implemented in this thesis could be applied to further studies, and future missions to asteroids could benefit from the models and analyses proposed.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/201735