Bricks are simple objects associated with stability and tradition, yet this permanence has been subjected by the desire for choice and self expression for thousand of years. Worldwide, bricks are a symbol of the fundamental desire of humanity to give shape to the substance of the Earth. In this work the brick is studied in two different scales, while considering their two diverse cultural contexts and the respective building techniques they belong to. The first approach consisted in the macroscopic design of a healthcare facility realized with whole earth walls and vaults, reminiscing local and vernacular architecture. The second approach was taken on the scale of wall-elements, utilizing additive manufacturing techniques to design bricks with more complex internal structures than mass-produced means. For the first project, earth-based solutions for walls and vaults are employed in the project in order for the building to blend in with traditional building techniques, exploiting earth walls’ excellent passive cooling properties, while counteracting the excessive use of timber, now scarce in the project area due to the high rate of deforestation. In the second project the use of triply periodic minimal surfaces is explored as unit cells as the inner pattern of a novel masonry brick and investigated the possibility of using additive manufacturing to realize such complex structures. Additionally, it is made use of finite element methods to simulate and compare the thermal properties of this novel brick with the mass-produced ones currently in commerce. A substantial improvement in thermal properties is achieved together with a reduction of required material, while keeping the number of unit-cells and thus load-bearing wall elements and air pockets the same. These results indicate that further research into using current extruding techniques to obtain such complex inner geometries and deepening their structural properties is warranted. With these valid results achieved, one of the most significant further development for this thesis would be to overcome the prototyping phase. By these terms, the most promising outlook for this thesis would be to develop a system for which such complex inner geometries could be realized with already well established mass-production techniques for brick construction, such as pressurized extrusion of clay.
I mattoni sono oggetti semplici associati con stabilità e tradizione, eppure questa permanenza è stata assoggettata al continuo desiderio di scelta e di espressione personale per migliaia di anni. In tutto il mondo, i mattoni sono un simbolo del desiderio fondamentale dell’umanità di dare forma alla sostanza della Terra. In questo lavoro il mattone viene studiato su due diverse scale, considerando due diversi contesti culturali e le rispettive tecniche costruttive di appartenenza. Il primo approccio consiste nella progettazione macroscopica di una struttura sanitaria realizzata con pareti e volte in terra cruda, richiamando l’architettura locale e vernacolare. Il secondo approccio è stato adottato alla scala dei singoli elementi murari, utilizzando tecniche di fabbricazione additiva con il fine di progettare mattoni con strutture interne più complesse rispetto a quelli prodotti a scala industriale. Nel primo progetto sono state impiegate soluzioni in terra per pareti e volte in modo tale che l’edificio si potesse integrare con le tecniche costruttive tradizionali, sfruttando le eccellenti proprietà di raffrescamento passivo delle pareti in terra. In questo modo si è contrastato l’uso eccessivo di legname, ormai scarso nell’area di progetto a causa dell’alto tasso di deforestazione. Nel secondo progetto è stato esplorato l’utilizzo di superfici minime triplicemente periodiche come celle interne di un mattone da muratura di nuova concezione, assieme alla possibilità di utilizzare tecniche di fabbricazione additiva per realizzare queste strutture così complesse. Inoltre, si è fatto uso di strumenti consoni all’analisi di elementi finiti per simulare e confrontare le proprietà termiche del mattone di nuova concezione con quelle dei mattoni prodotti a scala industriale. Si è ottenuto un sostanziale miglioramento delle proprietà termiche e una riduzione del materiale impiegato necessario, mantenendo invariato il numero di celle unitarie e quindi parenti portanti delle celle d’aria. Questi risultati indicano che sono giustificate ulteriori ricerche sull’utilizzo delle attuali tecniche di estrusione per ottenere geometri interne complesse e approfondire le loro proprietà strutturali. Con questi validi risultati raggiunti, uno degli sviluppi più significativi per questa tesi sarebbe il superamento della fase prototipale. Precisamente, la prospettiva più promettente per questa tesi sarebbe quella di sviluppare un sistema per cui tali geometrie interne complesse possano essere realizzate con tecniche di produzione già consolidate per la costruzione di mattoni da muratura, come l’estrusione pressurizzata di argilla.
Masonry bricks across time : a dual perspective of recent developments building on tradition
Carletti, Giulia
2022/2023
Abstract
Bricks are simple objects associated with stability and tradition, yet this permanence has been subjected by the desire for choice and self expression for thousand of years. Worldwide, bricks are a symbol of the fundamental desire of humanity to give shape to the substance of the Earth. In this work the brick is studied in two different scales, while considering their two diverse cultural contexts and the respective building techniques they belong to. The first approach consisted in the macroscopic design of a healthcare facility realized with whole earth walls and vaults, reminiscing local and vernacular architecture. The second approach was taken on the scale of wall-elements, utilizing additive manufacturing techniques to design bricks with more complex internal structures than mass-produced means. For the first project, earth-based solutions for walls and vaults are employed in the project in order for the building to blend in with traditional building techniques, exploiting earth walls’ excellent passive cooling properties, while counteracting the excessive use of timber, now scarce in the project area due to the high rate of deforestation. In the second project the use of triply periodic minimal surfaces is explored as unit cells as the inner pattern of a novel masonry brick and investigated the possibility of using additive manufacturing to realize such complex structures. Additionally, it is made use of finite element methods to simulate and compare the thermal properties of this novel brick with the mass-produced ones currently in commerce. A substantial improvement in thermal properties is achieved together with a reduction of required material, while keeping the number of unit-cells and thus load-bearing wall elements and air pockets the same. These results indicate that further research into using current extruding techniques to obtain such complex inner geometries and deepening their structural properties is warranted. With these valid results achieved, one of the most significant further development for this thesis would be to overcome the prototyping phase. By these terms, the most promising outlook for this thesis would be to develop a system for which such complex inner geometries could be realized with already well established mass-production techniques for brick construction, such as pressurized extrusion of clay.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
CarlettiGiulia_965744.pdf
accessibile in internet solo dagli utenti autorizzati
Descrizione: Masonry bricks across time: a dual perspective of recent developments building on tradition
Dimensione
84.26 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
84.26 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
I documenti in POLITesi sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
https://hdl.handle.net/10589/202333