In the last decades, there has been significant growth in the number of international city collaboration organizations. A collective effort towards common goals and mitigation of shared problems mostly takes the form of knowledge-sharing and investment support. Indeed, many scholars have noted that in the ‘networking boom’ age, cities can benefit from engaging in networking activities in many ways. However, the scale of the transformational effect of the actions taken under the guidance of the city collaboration organization is yet to be fully analyzed. The C40 is a network of mayors of nearly 100 leading cities collaborating to confront the climate crisis. It has provided a platform for coordination and knowledge exchange where some of the most globally influential mayors and self-professed ‘global’ cities together with major international business and philanthropic actors collectively tackle the process of adaptation to the new climate conditions. Many research works focused on the role of international knowledge exchange and the emerging and networked ways of governing. This research will be dedicated to the analysis of the results of the circulation of urban policy knowledge within the C40 network, with a focus on its adaptation. The main hypothesis is that C40 strategies seem to support the idea of creating a sustainable city by mostly small or moderate changes, not by fundamental ones that would fit the definition of transformation claimed as a main common goal. The basis of this assumption lies in a ‘good practice’ nature. Its formation often leaves behind the preceding multiscale institutional reforms simplifying the narrative for the sake of replicability. The replicated urban experiments then intervene in each city’s traditional complex planning system where several scenarios can be developed. Drawing on existing literature, this work uses three scenarios: first, C40 experiments simply coexist with local policies; second, they complement pre-existing strategies and policies; third, they significantly change the set of plans and policies in the city. Thus, the findings of this research will provide a holistic view of how 'good practices' have been integrated into the urban system after knowledge has been shared.
Nell'ultimo decennio, c'è stata una crescita significativa del numero di organizzazioni internazionali per la collaborazione tra città. Lo sforzo collettivo verso obiettivi comuni e la mitigazione dei problemi condivisi prende forma nella circolazione di conoscenze e modalità di intervento a livello urbano. Nell'era del "boom del networking", le città possono trarre vantaggio dalla cooperazione internazionale in molti modi. Tuttavia, la scala e l’efficacia delle azioni intraprese sotto la guida delle organizzazioni internazionali per la collaborazione tra città devono ancora essere approfondita. Il C40 è una rete di sindaci di quasi 100 città leader a livello mondiale che collaborano per affrontare la crisi climatica. Il suo lavoro è stato osservato in alcune ricerche, soprattutto come un particolare esempio di scambio internazionale di conoscenze e nuove modalità di governance, tra la scala nazionale e locale. La ricerca qui presentata si concentra sui risultati della circolazione delle conoscenze per le politiche urbane con particolare attenzione al loro adattamento a livello locale. L'ipotesi principale è che le strategie del C40 supportano l'idea di una città sostenibile per lo più attraverso cambiamenti piccoli o moderati, e non attraverso cambiamenti radicali rivendicati come principale obiettivo comune. La natura di "buona pratica" è al centro di questa ipotesi. La definizione di buona pratica spesso tralascia le riforme istituzionali a vari livelli e semplifica la narrazione della politica per motivi di replicabilità in vari contesti. Gli esperimenti urbani replicati intervengono quindi nel sistema di pianificazione esistente in ciascuna città. Sulla base delle ricerche esistenti, per approfondire questi aspetti si possono definire tre scenari: primo, la sperimentazione degli interventi ispirati dal C40 semplicemente coesistono con le politiche locali; secondo, la sperimentazione è complementare e sinergico alle politiche preesistenti; terzo vi è un cambiamento significativo. Pertanto, i risultati di questa ricerca forniranno una visione olistica di come le "buone pratiche" sono state integrate nel sistema urbano dopo che la conoscenza è stata condivisa tra le città del C40.
Coexist, complement, or change: the effects of the C40 transnational networks on city planning
Kravtsova, Anna
2022/2023
Abstract
In the last decades, there has been significant growth in the number of international city collaboration organizations. A collective effort towards common goals and mitigation of shared problems mostly takes the form of knowledge-sharing and investment support. Indeed, many scholars have noted that in the ‘networking boom’ age, cities can benefit from engaging in networking activities in many ways. However, the scale of the transformational effect of the actions taken under the guidance of the city collaboration organization is yet to be fully analyzed. The C40 is a network of mayors of nearly 100 leading cities collaborating to confront the climate crisis. It has provided a platform for coordination and knowledge exchange where some of the most globally influential mayors and self-professed ‘global’ cities together with major international business and philanthropic actors collectively tackle the process of adaptation to the new climate conditions. Many research works focused on the role of international knowledge exchange and the emerging and networked ways of governing. This research will be dedicated to the analysis of the results of the circulation of urban policy knowledge within the C40 network, with a focus on its adaptation. The main hypothesis is that C40 strategies seem to support the idea of creating a sustainable city by mostly small or moderate changes, not by fundamental ones that would fit the definition of transformation claimed as a main common goal. The basis of this assumption lies in a ‘good practice’ nature. Its formation often leaves behind the preceding multiscale institutional reforms simplifying the narrative for the sake of replicability. The replicated urban experiments then intervene in each city’s traditional complex planning system where several scenarios can be developed. Drawing on existing literature, this work uses three scenarios: first, C40 experiments simply coexist with local policies; second, they complement pre-existing strategies and policies; third, they significantly change the set of plans and policies in the city. Thus, the findings of this research will provide a holistic view of how 'good practices' have been integrated into the urban system after knowledge has been shared.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/202857