Assessing the sustainability of a product system requires the use of tools able to represent its economic and environmental performance through a single indicator. In this paper, the main integration methods available in related literature are illustrated and compared, highlighting their strengths and limitations. The methodologies analyzed are the following: vector optimization, eco-efficiency and Multi Attribute Decision-Methods (MADM). The three tools differ in both the purpose with which the evaluation is conducted and the type of results obtained. Therefore, the choice of the method is based on the type of problem that has to be solved. The objective of this paper is to implement and test the most suitable technique for evaluating the selective demolition of seven different artifacts. Vector optimization and eco-efficiency do not allow to truly integrate the economic and environmental spheres, since the former evaluates the indicators of the two dimensions independently and the latter only defines their relationship. The only tool able to provide results that reflect the overall performance of the systems examined is the MADM, which includes in the analysis also the stakeholders’ preferences through the use of weighting coefficients. The judgments made, however, are often inaccurate, causing an increase in the uncertainty of the analysis. Because of this, it has been chosen to evaluate the case study by applying one method in particular, the FAHP&TOPSIS, as it allows reducing the effects caused by the use of approximate data through the application of fuzzy set theory. In order to verify the robustness of the outcomes, it is necessary to conduct a sensitivity analysis. From this, it is concluded that the step of defining the weighting coefficients must be carried out with great care, since the results vary greatly depending on the weights applied.
La valutazione della sostenibilità di un processo produttivo richiede l’uso di strumenti che permettono di rappresentarne le prestazioni economiche e quelle ambientali attraverso un unico indicatore. In quest’elaborato sono illustrati e confrontati i principali metodi d’integrazione presenti in letteratura, evidenziandone i punti di forza e i limiti. Le metodologie analizzate sono le seguenti: ottimizzazione vettoriale, eco-efficienza e Metodi-Decisionali Multi Attributo (MDMA). I tre strumenti differiscono sia per lo scopo con cui viene condotta la valutazione che per la tipologia dei risultati ottenuti. Pertanto, la scelta del metodo è funzione del tipo di problema da risolvere. L’obiettivo di quest’elaborato è quello di implementare e testare la tecnica più adatta alla valutazione della demolizione selettiva di sette manufatti differenti. L’ottimizzazione vettoriale e l’eco-efficienza non permettono di integrare realmente la sfera economica e quella ambientale, dal momento che il primo valuta gli indicatori delle due dimensioni in maniera indipendente e il secondo ne definisce solamente il rapporto. Gli unici a fornire risultati in grado di rispecchiare le prestazioni complessive dei sistemi esaminati sono i MDMA, i quali includono nell’analisi anche le preferenze degli stakeholders tramite l’uso di coefficienti di ponderazione. I giudizi espressi, tuttavia, sono spesso imprecisi, provocando un aumento dell’incertezza dell’analisi. A ragion di ciò, si è scelto di valutare il caso studio applicando un metodo in particolare, ovvero quello del FAHP&TOPSIS, in quanto permette di ridurre gli effetti causati dall’uso di dati approssimativi grazie all’applicazione della teoria degli insiemi fuzzy. Al fine di verificare la robustezza degli esiti, è necessario condurre un’analisi di sensibilità. Da questa si giunge alla conclusione che la fase di definizione dei coefficienti di ponderazione dev’essere svolta con estrema cura, poiché i risultati variano notevolmente in funzione dei pesi applicati.
analisi dei metodi di integrazione degli indicatori economici e ambientali
Barbato, Paula Martina
2021/2022
Abstract
Assessing the sustainability of a product system requires the use of tools able to represent its economic and environmental performance through a single indicator. In this paper, the main integration methods available in related literature are illustrated and compared, highlighting their strengths and limitations. The methodologies analyzed are the following: vector optimization, eco-efficiency and Multi Attribute Decision-Methods (MADM). The three tools differ in both the purpose with which the evaluation is conducted and the type of results obtained. Therefore, the choice of the method is based on the type of problem that has to be solved. The objective of this paper is to implement and test the most suitable technique for evaluating the selective demolition of seven different artifacts. Vector optimization and eco-efficiency do not allow to truly integrate the economic and environmental spheres, since the former evaluates the indicators of the two dimensions independently and the latter only defines their relationship. The only tool able to provide results that reflect the overall performance of the systems examined is the MADM, which includes in the analysis also the stakeholders’ preferences through the use of weighting coefficients. The judgments made, however, are often inaccurate, causing an increase in the uncertainty of the analysis. Because of this, it has been chosen to evaluate the case study by applying one method in particular, the FAHP&TOPSIS, as it allows reducing the effects caused by the use of approximate data through the application of fuzzy set theory. In order to verify the robustness of the outcomes, it is necessary to conduct a sensitivity analysis. From this, it is concluded that the step of defining the weighting coefficients must be carried out with great care, since the results vary greatly depending on the weights applied.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/204319