The concept of textile envelope integrated flexible photovoltaic (TE-FPV) systems emerged in the late 1990s. It has been one of most promising technologies to promote the development of nearly zero energy buildings with renewable energy utilization, due to its advantageous properties. However, different from conventional building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) that have created mature products, the majority of TE-FPV products are customized and applied in the pilot products. TE-FPV technology is still not widespread in mainstream BIPVs for three primary reasons: Technical data is not sufficient to understand, long-term thermal performance, electrical performance, and acoustic comfort of the integration system. And environmental assessment and economic analysis are missing to perform decision making in the context of carbon neutrality and no subsidies. It is significantly urgent to provide representative and typical data and guidance for the diffusion of TE-FPV technology. This thesis dedicates to the feasibility of the TE-FPV systems for the near future commercialization and diffusion. Technical reliability, environmental sustainability, and economic feasibility of representative TE-FPV prototypes are investigated. Technical reliability is based on on-site measurements. Environmental sustainability is based on life cycle assessment methodology. Economic feasibility is based on life cycle cost analysis methodology. Based on the analyses above, the improvement solutions are provided to meet the market requirements. This thesis shows that TE-FPV technology already has products that can be marketed and diffused. The development in the PSC technology is highly possible to facilitate the popularization of TE-FPV technology. In the future, the concern should put on directly printing PSCs on ETFE foil envelope by large-scale industrial R2R manufacturing, whose success can realize the widespread application of TE-FPV technology on the building vertical façade in urban city. The thesis is structured in five parts. Introduction part contains theoretical background and challenges of TE-FPV diffusion, objectives and innovation, as well as methodology for the research. The research overview is also provided. The second part investigates materials, integration forms, fabrication process, applications, and regulations in EU to provide a guideline for the application of TE-FPV systems to architects and engineers. Six representative TE-FPV prototypes are selected based on the investigation. Next, the study provides a state-of-the-art review on research methods of technical measurements, life cycle assessment, and life cycle cost analysis to guide following chapters. In the fourth part, the technical reliability, sustainability, and economic feasibility of TE-FPV technology are investigated by on-site tests and simulation. Finally, the conclusion part contains the guidance for the diffusion and further development of TE-FPV technology.
Il concetto di sistemi fotovoltaici flessibili integrati con involucro tessile (TE-FPV) è emerso alla fine degli anni '90. È stata una delle tecnologie più promettenti per promuovere lo sviluppo di edifici a energia quasi zero con utilizzo di energia rinnovabile, grazie alle sue proprietà vantaggiose. Tuttavia, a differenza del tradizionale fotovoltaico integrato negli edifici (BIPV) che ha creato prodotti maturi, la maggior parte dei prodotti TE-FPV è personalizzata e applicata nei prodotti pilota. La tecnologia TE-FPV non è ancora diffusa nei BIPV tradizionali per tre motivi principali: i dati tecnici non sono sufficienti per comprendere, le prestazioni termiche a lungo termine, le prestazioni elettriche e il comfort acustico del sistema di integrazione. E mancano la valutazione ambientale e l'analisi economica per prendere decisioni nel contesto della neutralità del carbonio e senza sovvenzioni. È molto urgente fornire dati e indicazioni rappresentativi e tipici per la diffusione della tecnologia TE-FPV. Questa tesi è dedicata alla fattibilità dei sistemi TE-FPV per la commercializzazione e diffusione nel prossimo futuro. Vengono studiate l'affidabilità tecnica, la sostenibilità ambientale e la fattibilità economica dei prototipi TE-FPV rappresentativi. L'affidabilità tecnica si basa su misurazioni in loco. La sostenibilità ambientale si basa sulla metodologia di valutazione del ciclo di vita. La fattibilità economica si basa sulla metodologia di analisi dei costi del ciclo di vita. Sulla base delle analisi di cui sopra, vengono fornite le soluzioni di miglioramento per soddisfare le esigenze del mercato. Questa tesi dimostra che la tecnologia TE-FPV dispone già di prodotti che possono essere commercializzati e diffusi. Lo sviluppo della tecnologia PSC è altamente possibile per facilitare la divulgazione della tecnologia TE-FPV. In futuro, l'azienda dovrebbe puntare sulla stampa diretta di PSC su buste in alluminio ETFE mediante produzione R2R industriale su larga scala, il cui successo può realizzare l'applicazione diffusa della tecnologia TE-FPV sulla facciata verticale dell'edificio nelle città urbane. La tesi è strutturata in cinque parti. La parte introduttiva contiene il background teorico e le sfide della diffusione TE-FPV, gli obiettivi e l'innovazione, nonché la metodologia per la ricerca. Viene fornita anche la panoramica della ricerca. La seconda parte esamina i materiali, le forme di integrazione, il processo di fabbricazione, le applicazioni e le normative nell'UE per fornire una linea guida per l'applicazione dei sistemi TE-FPV ad architetti e ingegneri. Sei prototipi TE-FPV rappresentativi vengono selezionati in base all'indagine. Successivamente, lo studio fornisce una revisione dello stato dell'arte sui metodi di ricerca delle misurazioni tecniche, della valutazione del ciclo di vita e dell'analisi dei costi del ciclo di vita per guidare i capitoli successivi. Nella quarta parte, l'affidabilità tecnica, la sostenibilità e la fattibilità economica della tecnologia TE-FPV vengono studiate mediante test e simulazioni in loco. Infine, la parte conclusiva contiene le linee guida per la diffusione e l'ulteriore sviluppo della tecnologia TE-FPV.
Technical reliability, environmental sustainability, and economic feasibility of textile envelope integrated flexible photovoltaic system
Li, Qingxiang
2022/2023
Abstract
The concept of textile envelope integrated flexible photovoltaic (TE-FPV) systems emerged in the late 1990s. It has been one of most promising technologies to promote the development of nearly zero energy buildings with renewable energy utilization, due to its advantageous properties. However, different from conventional building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) that have created mature products, the majority of TE-FPV products are customized and applied in the pilot products. TE-FPV technology is still not widespread in mainstream BIPVs for three primary reasons: Technical data is not sufficient to understand, long-term thermal performance, electrical performance, and acoustic comfort of the integration system. And environmental assessment and economic analysis are missing to perform decision making in the context of carbon neutrality and no subsidies. It is significantly urgent to provide representative and typical data and guidance for the diffusion of TE-FPV technology. This thesis dedicates to the feasibility of the TE-FPV systems for the near future commercialization and diffusion. Technical reliability, environmental sustainability, and economic feasibility of representative TE-FPV prototypes are investigated. Technical reliability is based on on-site measurements. Environmental sustainability is based on life cycle assessment methodology. Economic feasibility is based on life cycle cost analysis methodology. Based on the analyses above, the improvement solutions are provided to meet the market requirements. This thesis shows that TE-FPV technology already has products that can be marketed and diffused. The development in the PSC technology is highly possible to facilitate the popularization of TE-FPV technology. In the future, the concern should put on directly printing PSCs on ETFE foil envelope by large-scale industrial R2R manufacturing, whose success can realize the widespread application of TE-FPV technology on the building vertical façade in urban city. The thesis is structured in five parts. Introduction part contains theoretical background and challenges of TE-FPV diffusion, objectives and innovation, as well as methodology for the research. The research overview is also provided. The second part investigates materials, integration forms, fabrication process, applications, and regulations in EU to provide a guideline for the application of TE-FPV systems to architects and engineers. Six representative TE-FPV prototypes are selected based on the investigation. Next, the study provides a state-of-the-art review on research methods of technical measurements, life cycle assessment, and life cycle cost analysis to guide following chapters. In the fourth part, the technical reliability, sustainability, and economic feasibility of TE-FPV technology are investigated by on-site tests and simulation. Finally, the conclusion part contains the guidance for the diffusion and further development of TE-FPV technology.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/204588