Internet of Things has been applied to smart metering devices used for reading and recording utilities consumption. Smart meters are characterised by high reading frequencies, but are limited by their batteries capacity, hence technologies that offer low costs and energy depletion are best suited for them. Narrow Band IoT possess such characteristics, along with improved indoor coverage and low latencies, however it makes use of an expensive licensed spectrum and of a costly regular synchronization. Bluetooth Low Energy, on the other hand, utilises the ISM band while maintaining the low-energy perspective for short-range communications. This thesis analyses the performance of a network containing both BLE and NB-IoT nodes, the latter acting as collectors for the former. The simulation is evaluated in terms of expected lifetime days as the ratio between the two types of node changes and with respect to three different clustering algorithms.
Internet of Things è stato applicato ai dispositivi di smart metering impiegati per la lettura e il registro dei consumi delle utenze. Gli smart meter sono caratterizzati da alte frequenze di lettura, ma sono limitati dalla potenza delle loro batterie, perciò sono più indicate per tale applicazione tecnologie che offrono costi e consumi energetici ridotti. Narrow Band IoT possiede tali caratteristiche, insieme a una migliore copertura al chiuso e basse latenze, ciononostante utilizza una costosa banda regolamentata e una sincronizzazione regolare dispendiosa in termini di energia. Bluetooth Low Energy, invece, utilizza la banda ISM mantenendo l’aspetto a bassa energia per comunicazioni a corto raggio. Questa tesi analizza la performance di una rete contenente sia nodi BLE che NB-IoT, con gli ultimi che agiscono come collettori per i primi. La simulazione è valutata in termini di giorni di vita attesi, al variare del rapporto tra la quantità di nodi delle due tipologie e rispetto a tre algoritmi di clustering.
Performance evaluation for clustering algorithms in smart metering
LAPPONI, GIULIA
2022/2023
Abstract
Internet of Things has been applied to smart metering devices used for reading and recording utilities consumption. Smart meters are characterised by high reading frequencies, but are limited by their batteries capacity, hence technologies that offer low costs and energy depletion are best suited for them. Narrow Band IoT possess such characteristics, along with improved indoor coverage and low latencies, however it makes use of an expensive licensed spectrum and of a costly regular synchronization. Bluetooth Low Energy, on the other hand, utilises the ISM band while maintaining the low-energy perspective for short-range communications. This thesis analyses the performance of a network containing both BLE and NB-IoT nodes, the latter acting as collectors for the former. The simulation is evaluated in terms of expected lifetime days as the ratio between the two types of node changes and with respect to three different clustering algorithms.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2023_07_Lapponi.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/207205