Magnesium (Mg) and its alloys have been introduced as an alternative to the traditional metals since they are biodegradable. However, its corrosion is too quick at the initial stage, producing an excessive quantity of H2 gas bubbles, probably causing tissue necrosis. To overcome this problem, deposition and conversion coatings are applied to AZ31 alloy. The former are usually sol-gel solutions that are directly applied onto the substrate. Moreover, the doping of coatings with antibacterial ions, such as cooper (Cu2+) could represent a good solution to confer antibacterial activity to coatings. In this thesis work, a Cu-doped Mg(OH)2 sol-gel coating was developed with the aim of slowing down the degradation of the AZ31 alloy. Titanium and AZ31 substrates were coated by dipping the samples in the sol-gel solution. The sol-gel solution is composed as follows: a magnesium solution developed with Magnesium Chloride Hexahydrate (MgCl2·6H2O) as precursor and a silane (Glymo) solution that was previously doped with Cu (Cu(NO3)2·3 H2O). The silane was added to enhance the adhesion between the coating and substrate. Two different proportions of the magnesium and Cu-doped silane solution were tested. Moreover, one layer and multilayered coatings were studied. Furthermore, the sealing effect of the sol-gel coating was evaluated combining the MAO and Hydrothermal methods with the herein sol-gel approach. Morphology and chemical composition were studied by means of Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and X-Ray diffraction (XRD) analyses and ICP-OES. The wettability properties of the coated samples were determined by contact angle measurements. The degradation of the combined coatings was observed through an immersion test in SBF. Furthermore, electrochemical corrosion tests were also carried out to evaluate the corrosion kinetics.
Il magnesio (Mg) e le sue leghe sono stati introdotti come alternativa ai metalli tradizionali in quanto biodegradabili. Tuttavia, la sua corrosione è troppo rapida nella fase iniziale e produce un'eccessiva quantità di bolle di gas H2, che probabilmente causano la necrosi dei tessuti. Per superare questo problema, alla lega AZ31 vengono applicati rivestimenti di deposizione e conversione. I primi sono solitamente soluzioni sol-gel che vengono applicate direttamente sul substrato. Inoltre, il drogaggio dei rivestimenti con ioni antibatterici, come il rame (Cu2+), potrebbe rappresentare una buona soluzione per conferire attività antibatterica ai rivestimenti. In questo lavoro di tesi, è stato sviluppato un rivestimento sol-gel di Mg (OH)2 drogato con Cu, con l'obiettivo di rallentare la degradazione della lega AZ31. I substrati di titanio e AZ31 sono stati rivestiti immergendo i campioni nella soluzione sol-gel. La soluzione sol-gel è così composta: una soluzione di magnesio sviluppata con cloruro di magnesio esaidrato (MgCl2·6H2O) come precursore e una soluzione di silano (Glymo) precedentemente drogata con Cu (Cu (NO3)2 ·3 H2O). Il silano è stato aggiunto per migliorare l'adesione tra il rivestimento e il substrato. Sono state testate due diverse proporzioni della soluzione di magnesio e di silano drogato con Cu. Inoltre, sono stati studiati rivestimenti a uno o più strati. Infine, è stato valutato l'effetto sigillante del rivestimento sol-gel combinando i metodi MAO e idrotermico con il presente approccio sol-gel. La morfologia e la composizione chimica sono state studiate mediante microscopio elettronico a scansione (SEM), spettroscopia a raggi X a dispersione di energia (EDS), diffrazione di raggi X (XRD) e analisi ICP-OES. Le proprietà di bagnabilità dei campioni rivestiti sono state determinate mediante misure dell'angolo di contatto. La degradazione dei rivestimenti combinati è stata osservata attraverso un test di immersione in SBF. Inoltre, sono stati eseguiti test di corrosione elettrochimica per valutare la cinetica di corrosione.
Functionalization of AZ31 alloy with Mg(OH)2 by sol-gel coating method for biomedical applications
Castro Cordero, Paula
2022/2023
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) and its alloys have been introduced as an alternative to the traditional metals since they are biodegradable. However, its corrosion is too quick at the initial stage, producing an excessive quantity of H2 gas bubbles, probably causing tissue necrosis. To overcome this problem, deposition and conversion coatings are applied to AZ31 alloy. The former are usually sol-gel solutions that are directly applied onto the substrate. Moreover, the doping of coatings with antibacterial ions, such as cooper (Cu2+) could represent a good solution to confer antibacterial activity to coatings. In this thesis work, a Cu-doped Mg(OH)2 sol-gel coating was developed with the aim of slowing down the degradation of the AZ31 alloy. Titanium and AZ31 substrates were coated by dipping the samples in the sol-gel solution. The sol-gel solution is composed as follows: a magnesium solution developed with Magnesium Chloride Hexahydrate (MgCl2·6H2O) as precursor and a silane (Glymo) solution that was previously doped with Cu (Cu(NO3)2·3 H2O). The silane was added to enhance the adhesion between the coating and substrate. Two different proportions of the magnesium and Cu-doped silane solution were tested. Moreover, one layer and multilayered coatings were studied. Furthermore, the sealing effect of the sol-gel coating was evaluated combining the MAO and Hydrothermal methods with the herein sol-gel approach. Morphology and chemical composition were studied by means of Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and X-Ray diffraction (XRD) analyses and ICP-OES. The wettability properties of the coated samples were determined by contact angle measurements. The degradation of the combined coatings was observed through an immersion test in SBF. Furthermore, electrochemical corrosion tests were also carried out to evaluate the corrosion kinetics.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2023_05_CastroCordero_Thesis_01.pdf
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2023_05_CastroCordero_Executive Summary_02.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/208233