Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) encompass a wide range of conditions affecting the muscles, bones, tendons, ligaments, and other supporting structures of the body. They can be induced by a wide variety of factors, including occupational hazards, repetitive movements, poor ergonomics, ageing, and genetic predispositions. These disorders, therefore, represent a significant burden on individuals, health care systems, and society as a whole. The literature review conducted in this study reveals a wide range of musculoskeletal conditions including the Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) and De Quervain's Syndrome. This thesis primarily aims to explore the role of Wrist-Hand Orthosis (WHO) in the management and treatment of MSDs, with a focus on the upper extremity. The WHO is a specific device designed to provide support, stability, and controlled motion to the wrist and hand, thereby relieving pain, improving function, and promoting rehabilitation. The limitations and requirements will be examined, drawing on the scientific literature and previous research. The focus will be on contextualising the work performed using Blender® modelling software, which involves the creation of three distinct 3D orthotic models (A, B, C), each featuring unique characteristics and approaches, in order to exploring different solutions to enhance the system's usability. Specifically, the embedding of pressure and temperature sensors within the WHO is investigated, highlighting the potential for customized and adaptive orthotic solutions. This approach aims to realize an integrated system that minimizes the impact on the leather, effectively mitigating the discomfort associated with the placement of the sensors between the skin and the orthosis, which occurs when using the Ortho-Monitorizer. Furthermore, this study explores WHO design considerations, including texturization, ergonomic principles, material selection, manufacturing methods and customisation. Finally, in collaboration with the Curry Cabral Hospital in Lisbon, the effectiveness of 3D printed orthoses was evaluated using the System Usability Scale (SUS). The results provided qualitative and quantitative insights on the strengths and weaknesses of each prototype, identifying Model B as the most suitable. Ongoing research and innovation in this direction will contribute to the continuous evolution of orthotic devices, benefiting both patients and healthcare professionals.
I Disturbi Muscoloscheletrici (MSDs) comprendono un'ampia gamma di condizioni che interessano i muscoli, le ossa, i tendini, i legamenti e altre strutture di supporto del corpo. Possono essere indotti da un'ampia varietà di fattori, tra cui rischi professionali, movimenti ripetitivi, scarsa ergonomia, invecchiamento e predisposizioni genetiche. Questi disturbi, pertanto, rappresentano un onere significativo per gli individui, i sistemi sanitari e la società nel suo complesso. La revisione della letteratura condotta in questo studio rivela un'ampia gamma di condizioni muscoloscheletriche, tra cui la Sindrome del Tunnel Carpale (CTS) e la sindrome di De Quervain. Questa tesi mira principalmente a esplorare il ruolo dell'Ortesi Mano-Polso (WHO) nella gestione e nel trattamento dei MSDs, con particolare attenzione all'arto superiore. L'WHO è un dispositivo specifico progettato per fornire supporto, stabilità e movimento controllato al polso e alla mano, alleviando così il dolore, migliorando la funzione e promuovendo la riabilitazione. Verranno esaminati i limiti e i requisiti, basandosi sulla letteratura scientifica e sulle ricerche precedenti. L'attenzione si concentrerà sulla contestualizzazione del lavoro svolto con il software di modellazione Blender®, che prevede la creazione di tre distinti modelli ortesici 3D (A, B, C), al fine di esplorare diverse soluzioni per migliorare l'usabilità del sistema. In particolare, viene studiata l'integrazione dei sensori di pressione e temperatura all'interno dell'WHO. Questo approccio mira a realizzare un sistema integrato che minimizzi l'impatto sulla pelle, attenuando efficacemente il disagio associato al posizionamento dei sensori tra la pelle e l'ortesi, che si verifica quando si utilizza l'Ortho-Monitorizer. Inoltre, questo studio esplora le considerazioni sulla progettazione dell'WHO, tra cui la testurizzazione, i principi ergonomici, la selezione dei materiali, i metodi di produzione e la personalizzazione. Infine, in collaborazione con l'Ospedale Curry Cabral di Lisbona, è stata valutata l'efficacia del progetto sviluppato utilizzando il System Usability Scale (SUS). I risultati hanno fornito indicazioni qualitative e quantitative sui punti di forza e di debolezza di ciascun modello, identificando il Modello B come il più adatto. La ricerca e l'innovazione in questa direzione contribuiranno alla continua evoluzione dei dispositivi ortesici, a beneficio sia dei pazienti che degli operatori sanitari.
Development of a 3D printing orthosis with embedded sensors : a prototype device
Goldoni, Davide
2022/2023
Abstract
Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) encompass a wide range of conditions affecting the muscles, bones, tendons, ligaments, and other supporting structures of the body. They can be induced by a wide variety of factors, including occupational hazards, repetitive movements, poor ergonomics, ageing, and genetic predispositions. These disorders, therefore, represent a significant burden on individuals, health care systems, and society as a whole. The literature review conducted in this study reveals a wide range of musculoskeletal conditions including the Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) and De Quervain's Syndrome. This thesis primarily aims to explore the role of Wrist-Hand Orthosis (WHO) in the management and treatment of MSDs, with a focus on the upper extremity. The WHO is a specific device designed to provide support, stability, and controlled motion to the wrist and hand, thereby relieving pain, improving function, and promoting rehabilitation. The limitations and requirements will be examined, drawing on the scientific literature and previous research. The focus will be on contextualising the work performed using Blender® modelling software, which involves the creation of three distinct 3D orthotic models (A, B, C), each featuring unique characteristics and approaches, in order to exploring different solutions to enhance the system's usability. Specifically, the embedding of pressure and temperature sensors within the WHO is investigated, highlighting the potential for customized and adaptive orthotic solutions. This approach aims to realize an integrated system that minimizes the impact on the leather, effectively mitigating the discomfort associated with the placement of the sensors between the skin and the orthosis, which occurs when using the Ortho-Monitorizer. Furthermore, this study explores WHO design considerations, including texturization, ergonomic principles, material selection, manufacturing methods and customisation. Finally, in collaboration with the Curry Cabral Hospital in Lisbon, the effectiveness of 3D printed orthoses was evaluated using the System Usability Scale (SUS). The results provided qualitative and quantitative insights on the strengths and weaknesses of each prototype, identifying Model B as the most suitable. Ongoing research and innovation in this direction will contribute to the continuous evolution of orthotic devices, benefiting both patients and healthcare professionals.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2023_07_Goldoni_Thesis_01.pdf
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2023_07_Goldoni_Executive Summary_02.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/208296