This thesis summarizes the research activities carried out at the Semiconductors Devices and Integrated Circuits (SDIC-lab) laboratory of the Politecnico di Milano from July to March of the academic year 2022-2023. The primary objectives of this work were twofold. Firstly, to characterize the noise performance of the Cadmium Telluride (CdTe) crystal produced by Acrorad and evaluate the issues and strengths that this type of composite semiconductor can offer. Secondly, the activities focused on developing a four-channel reading board specifically designed to support two pixelated CZT crystals developed by REDLEN and IMEM-CNR. The possibility of parallel pixel readings, when supported by temporal references, allows for the study of interaction phenomena between pixels. The thesis consists of five chapters: • Chapter 1 offers a detailed explanation of the work’s objectives, providing an overview of spectroscopic measurements and their applications, as well as an exploration of the poten- tial problems that could affect measurement quality. Additionally, this chapter provides context for compound semiconductors as radiation detectors, highlighting their strengths in comparison to alternative solution. • Chapter 2 provides a linear theoretical background, starting from the radiation genera- tion to signal elaborations, needed to fully understand the working principles of semicon- ductor radiation detectors in order to properly act on the key parameters to maximize the performance of the overall system. • Chapter 3 provides a description of the designing process flow involving the custom 4- channels board, focusing on the key decision made to minimize the overall impact of the electronics noise and disturbances on the crystal performances. • In Chapter 4 are presented the experimental results obtained by the characterization process of the CdTe crystal developed by Acrorad. It also provide a description of the first test of the custom board together with its stand-alone performance evaluations. • Finally, Chapter 5 provides the conclusions carried out by the research activity together with some further consideration for future developments.
Questa tesi riassume l’attività di ricerca svolta presso il laboratorio Semiconductors Devices and Integrated Circuits (SDIC-lab) del Politecnico di Milano dal luglio a marzo dell’ anno accademico 2022-2023. GLi obbietivi di questo lavoro sono stati principalmente due. In una prima fase la caratterizazione delle prestazioni di rumore del rivelatore di Cadmium Telluride (CdTe), prodotto da Acrorad, andando a valutare le problematiche e i punti di forza che questa tipologia di semicoundttori compositi può offrire. In una seconda fase, invece, le attività si sono increntrate sullo sviluppo di una scheda di lettura a quattro canali, progettata specificatamente per supportare due cristalli pixelati CZT sviluppati da REDLEN e IMEM-CNR. La possibilità di effettuare letture parallele dei pixels permette di studiare, se supportati da riferimenti temporali, fenomeni di interazione tra pixels. La tesi si compone di cinque capitoli: • Il capitolo 1 offre una dettagliata descrizione degli obiettivi dell’operato, fornendo una panoramica sulle misure di spettroscopia e sulle loro applicazioni, trattando al contempo delle potenziali problematiche che possono influenzare negativamente la qualità del sis- tema.In più, fornisce un contesto per i radiation detector a semiconduttori compositi (CdTe, CZT), stressando i loro punti di forza e rispetto a soluzioni alternative. • Il capitolo 2 fornisce un background teoretico lineare, partendo dalla generazione delle radiazioni elettromagnetice fino ad arrivare all elaborazione dei segnali prodotti, necessario per capire a fondo i principi di funionamnto dei rilevatori a semiconduttore ai fini di poter agire tui parametri d’interesse per massimizzare la qualità del sistema. • Il capitolo 3 fornisce una discrizione del processso di design della scheda di lettura 4-canali, concentrndo la discussione sulle decisioni chiave effetuate ai fini di minizzare l’impatto del rumore e non delle non-idelità deall’elttronica sulle performance dei cristalli. • Nel capitolo 4 sono riportati i risultati sperimentali del pprocesso di caratterzazione del cristallo prodotto da Acrorad. Il capitolo prosegue descivendo il processo di teststi della board 4-canali insieme alla sua caratterizzazion stand alone. • Infine il Chapter 5 racchiude le conclusioni della attività di ricerca svolta e lacune con- siderazioni per futiri sviluppi.
A multi-channel front-end acquisition system for low-noise room-temperature compound semiconductor radiation detectors : experimental cheracterization and design improvements
PIAZZA, ANDREA SALVATORE
2021/2022
Abstract
This thesis summarizes the research activities carried out at the Semiconductors Devices and Integrated Circuits (SDIC-lab) laboratory of the Politecnico di Milano from July to March of the academic year 2022-2023. The primary objectives of this work were twofold. Firstly, to characterize the noise performance of the Cadmium Telluride (CdTe) crystal produced by Acrorad and evaluate the issues and strengths that this type of composite semiconductor can offer. Secondly, the activities focused on developing a four-channel reading board specifically designed to support two pixelated CZT crystals developed by REDLEN and IMEM-CNR. The possibility of parallel pixel readings, when supported by temporal references, allows for the study of interaction phenomena between pixels. The thesis consists of five chapters: • Chapter 1 offers a detailed explanation of the work’s objectives, providing an overview of spectroscopic measurements and their applications, as well as an exploration of the poten- tial problems that could affect measurement quality. Additionally, this chapter provides context for compound semiconductors as radiation detectors, highlighting their strengths in comparison to alternative solution. • Chapter 2 provides a linear theoretical background, starting from the radiation genera- tion to signal elaborations, needed to fully understand the working principles of semicon- ductor radiation detectors in order to properly act on the key parameters to maximize the performance of the overall system. • Chapter 3 provides a description of the designing process flow involving the custom 4- channels board, focusing on the key decision made to minimize the overall impact of the electronics noise and disturbances on the crystal performances. • In Chapter 4 are presented the experimental results obtained by the characterization process of the CdTe crystal developed by Acrorad. It also provide a description of the first test of the custom board together with its stand-alone performance evaluations. • Finally, Chapter 5 provides the conclusions carried out by the research activity together with some further consideration for future developments.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/209317