Inspired by the diagnostic campaign carried out on the basilica of Santa Maria di Collemaggio, this thesis explores the study of the historical masonry of this architectural complex. The structure is studied using different diagnostic techniques and this research proposes an in-depth study of the results obtained through the complementary use of non-destructive tests and minor destructive tests and the economic influence that the conservation plan brings to the final economic picture. Following the 2009 earthquake, which caused damage to the building that had already been degraded by time and corrective maintenance, Eni Servizi commissioned a restoration project from the Superintendence for Architectural and Landscape Heritage. The text examines the case in question with the aim of experimentally verifying the implementation of that path of knowledge indicated in the regulations in force as necessary to undertake any conservation intervention on the building heritage, as well as the economic component of the project and the conservation history that characterises it. The discussion in the first part sets out the knowledge required for design choices. With reference to the prescriptions contained in the technical standards for constructions, the experimental investigations available in the building sector and carried out on site are introduced. The basilica of Santa Maria di Collemaggio has a complex conservation history where, especially in the last few centuries, the structure has been left in a critical condition internally due to corrective interventions carried out after the damage caused by the many earthquakes that struck the complex. The lack of attention and care is due to the Baroque decorations inside the basilica, a style that was disregarded for a long time. Externally, on the other hand, the structure has undergone sporadic and poorly organised interventions, aimed at healing the deterioration when it was already in a critical condition. In order to verify the state of conservation of the ecclesiastical building's wall structures, a qualitative assessment was extended to various areas of the complex. Instead, quantitative analyses were carried out in limited areas. Sonic tests are often applied in situ. In the case under consideration, they are implemented on the pillars. To support them, tomographic tests are also carried out on the first 4 pillars at the entrance of the structure. Flat jack tests, on the other hand, are carried out on the external walls in order to verify their mechanical properties, and on an abutment. Endoscopic tests are also carried out on the external walls in order to verify the state of conservation of the 5 wall types found in the different wall sections of the structure. The research focuses on different topics, such as: the calibration of diagnostic techniques for the conservation of architectural heritage, the critical analysis of the limits of the current means of computation in the historical context, and the importance of the choices of conservation plans.
Prendendo spunto dalla campagna diagnostica eseguita sulla basilica di Santa Maria di Collemaggio, la tesi approfondisce il tema dello studio delle murature storiche di questo complesso architettonico. La struttura viene studiata mediante diverse tecniche diagnostiche e la presente ricerca propone un approfondimento dei risultati ottenuti mediante l’uso complementare delle prove non distruttive e mediamente distruttive e l’influenza economica che il piano conservativo apporta al quadro economico finale. A seguito del terremoto del 2009, che causò dei danni all’edifico già degradato dal tempo e da manutenzioni di tipo correttivo, Eni servizi ha commissionato un intervento di restauro alla Soprintendenza per beni architettonici e paesaggistici. Il testo prende in esame il caso in questione allo scopo verificare sperimentalmente l’attuazione di quel percorso della conoscenza indicato nella normativa vigente come necessario per intraprendere ogni intervento di conservazione sul patrimonio edilizio, oltre che la componente economica del progetto e la storia conservativa che la caratterizza. La trattazione, nella prima parte, espone le conoscenze necessarie ai fini delle scelte progettuali. Con riferimento alle prescrizioni contenute nelle norme tecniche per le costruzioni, vengono introdotte le indagini sperimentali disponibili in ambito edilizio e svolgibili in loco. La basilica di Santa Maria di Collemaggio presenta una complessa storia conservativa dove, soprattutto negli ultimi secoli, la struttura è stata lasciata internamente in condizioni critiche dovute ad interventi correttivi effettuati dopo i danni causati dai molti sismi che hanno colpito il complesso. La poca attenzione e cura è dovuta alle decorazioni barocche presenti all’interno della basilica, stile che per lungo tempo è stato preso poco in considerazione. Esternamente invece la struttura ha subito interventi sporadici e poco organizzati, che miravano a guarire i degradi quando già erano in condizioni critiche. Al fine di verificare lo stato di conservazione delle strutture murarie dell’edificio ecclesiastico, una valutazione di ordine qualitativo è stata estesa a diverse aree del complesso. In aree circoscritte sono invece state eseguite analisi di tipo quantitativo. Le prove soniche vengono spesso applicate in sito. Nel caso preso in esame esse sono attuate sui pilastri. A supporto di esse, vengono effettuate anche delle prove tomografiche sui primi 4 pilastri all’entrata della struttura. Le prove con martinetto piatto invece vengono svolte sulle pareti esterne allo scopo di verificarne le proprietà meccaniche, e su un pilastro. Anche le prove endoscopiche vengono effettuate sulle pareti esterne, al fine di verificare lo stato conservativo delle 5 tipologie murarie che sono state riscontrate nelle diverse sezioni murarie della struttura. La ricerca verte sui diversi temi, quali: la calibrazione delle tecniche diagnostiche per la conservazione del patrimonio architettonico, l’analisi critica dei limiti degli attuali mezzi di computazione in ambito storico e l’importanza delle scelte dei piani conservativi.
Evaluation of the impact of the conservation plan on technical-economic analysis and heritage management in the historical context : case study: Basilica di Collemaggio
REDAELLI, CHIARA
2022/2023
Abstract
Inspired by the diagnostic campaign carried out on the basilica of Santa Maria di Collemaggio, this thesis explores the study of the historical masonry of this architectural complex. The structure is studied using different diagnostic techniques and this research proposes an in-depth study of the results obtained through the complementary use of non-destructive tests and minor destructive tests and the economic influence that the conservation plan brings to the final economic picture. Following the 2009 earthquake, which caused damage to the building that had already been degraded by time and corrective maintenance, Eni Servizi commissioned a restoration project from the Superintendence for Architectural and Landscape Heritage. The text examines the case in question with the aim of experimentally verifying the implementation of that path of knowledge indicated in the regulations in force as necessary to undertake any conservation intervention on the building heritage, as well as the economic component of the project and the conservation history that characterises it. The discussion in the first part sets out the knowledge required for design choices. With reference to the prescriptions contained in the technical standards for constructions, the experimental investigations available in the building sector and carried out on site are introduced. The basilica of Santa Maria di Collemaggio has a complex conservation history where, especially in the last few centuries, the structure has been left in a critical condition internally due to corrective interventions carried out after the damage caused by the many earthquakes that struck the complex. The lack of attention and care is due to the Baroque decorations inside the basilica, a style that was disregarded for a long time. Externally, on the other hand, the structure has undergone sporadic and poorly organised interventions, aimed at healing the deterioration when it was already in a critical condition. In order to verify the state of conservation of the ecclesiastical building's wall structures, a qualitative assessment was extended to various areas of the complex. Instead, quantitative analyses were carried out in limited areas. Sonic tests are often applied in situ. In the case under consideration, they are implemented on the pillars. To support them, tomographic tests are also carried out on the first 4 pillars at the entrance of the structure. Flat jack tests, on the other hand, are carried out on the external walls in order to verify their mechanical properties, and on an abutment. Endoscopic tests are also carried out on the external walls in order to verify the state of conservation of the 5 wall types found in the different wall sections of the structure. The research focuses on different topics, such as: the calibration of diagnostic techniques for the conservation of architectural heritage, the critical analysis of the limits of the current means of computation in the historical context, and the importance of the choices of conservation plans.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Tesi.pdf
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Descrizione: Valutazione dell'impatto tecnico-economico delle scelte diagnostiche, analizzate attraverso il caso della Basilica di Santa Maria di Collemaggio.
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/210194