Among the most advanced techniques for effective biomedical imaging, multimodal probes, detectable through multiple imaging modalities, are gaining prominence due to their advanced tracking and monitoring capabilities. In this context, this thesis focused on the development and characterization of highly fluorinated plasmonic gold nanoplatforms, which could give a detectable signal both in 19F magnetic resonance imaging (19F-MRI) and in Raman-based techniques. We selected a fluorinated thiol with a branched and highly symmetric structure (PERFECTA-SH), derived from previously reported 19F-MRI tracer PERFECTA, which showed also similar specific Raman signals. If bound to a plasmonic gold nanoparticle, it could be able to give Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) effect, as preliminary demonstrated for its self-assembled monolayer on a nanostructured gold chip tailored for SERS applications. The first part of the work consisted in optimizing the synthesis of plasmonic gold nanoparticles stabilized by PERFECTA-SH (PERFECTA-SH-NPs), which have never been reported before. Subsequently, the work focused on the dispersion in water of these fluorinated gold NPs, which is essential for their applicability in physiological environments. This was achieved through their self-assembly into supraparticles (SPs) coated by a layer of a natural surfactant protein (HFBII), as well as by encapsulation into polymeric NP (PLGA). Preliminary NMR and Raman studies showed detectable signals for PERFECTA-SH bound to gold NPs, whereas no response was obtained with both HFBII and PLGA NP dispersions in water. Further experimental and theoretical studies will be performed to understand this behavior, as well as to verify if the release of PERFECTA-SH-NPs at the intracellular level could switch on their signal again, resulting in a kind of “on-off” bimodal nanoplatform.
Tra le tecniche più avanzate per un efficace imaging biomedico, le sonde multimodali, rilevabili attraverso molteplici modalità di imaging, stanno guadagnando popolarità grazie alle loro avanzate capacità di tracciamento e monitoraggio. In questo contesto, questa tesi si è concentrata sullo sviluppo e sulla caratterizzazione di piattaforme nanometriche d’oro plasmoniche altamente fluorurate, che potrebbero dare un segnale rilevabile sia in risonanza magnetica 19F (19F-MRI) che nelle tecniche basate sulla spettroscopia Raman. Abbiamo selezionato un tiolo fluorurato con una struttura ramificata e altamente simmetrica (PERFECTA-SH), derivato dal tracciante per 19F-MRI PERFECTA precedentemente riportato, il quale ha mostrato anche simili segnali Raman specifici. Se legato a una nanoparticella d’oro plasmonica, potrebbe essere in grado di aumentare lo scattering Raman (SERS), come dimostrato preliminarmente legando il tiolo ad un chip d’oro nanostrutturato progettato per applicazioni SERS. La prima parte del lavoro ha consistito nell’ottimizzare la sintesi di nanoparticelle d’oro plasmoniche stabilizzate da PERFECTA-SH (PERFECTA-SH-NPs), che non erano mai state riportate prima. Successivamente, il lavoro si è concentrato sulla dispersione in acqua di queste NPs d’oro fluorurate, che è essenziale per la loro applicabilità in ambienti fisiologici. Ciò è stato ottenuto attraverso il loro autoassemblaggio in supraparticelle (SPs) rivestite da uno strato di una proteina tensioattiva naturale (HFBII), così come mediante l’incapsulamento in NPs polimeriche (PLGA). Studi preliminari di NMR e Raman hanno mostrato segnali rilevabili per PERFECTA-SH legato a NPs d’oro, mentre non è stata ottenuta alcuna risposta con entrambe le dispersioni di HFBII e PLGA in acqua. Ulteriori studi sperimentali e teorici saranno effettuati per comprendere questo comportamento, così come per verificare se il rilascio di PERFECTASH-NPs a livello intracellulare potrebbe riaccendere il loro segnale, risultando come un tipo di piattaforma nanometrica bimodale "on-off".
Highly fluorinated plasmonic gold nanoplatforms for SERS application
Montrasio, Edoardo
2022/2023
Abstract
Among the most advanced techniques for effective biomedical imaging, multimodal probes, detectable through multiple imaging modalities, are gaining prominence due to their advanced tracking and monitoring capabilities. In this context, this thesis focused on the development and characterization of highly fluorinated plasmonic gold nanoplatforms, which could give a detectable signal both in 19F magnetic resonance imaging (19F-MRI) and in Raman-based techniques. We selected a fluorinated thiol with a branched and highly symmetric structure (PERFECTA-SH), derived from previously reported 19F-MRI tracer PERFECTA, which showed also similar specific Raman signals. If bound to a plasmonic gold nanoparticle, it could be able to give Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) effect, as preliminary demonstrated for its self-assembled monolayer on a nanostructured gold chip tailored for SERS applications. The first part of the work consisted in optimizing the synthesis of plasmonic gold nanoparticles stabilized by PERFECTA-SH (PERFECTA-SH-NPs), which have never been reported before. Subsequently, the work focused on the dispersion in water of these fluorinated gold NPs, which is essential for their applicability in physiological environments. This was achieved through their self-assembly into supraparticles (SPs) coated by a layer of a natural surfactant protein (HFBII), as well as by encapsulation into polymeric NP (PLGA). Preliminary NMR and Raman studies showed detectable signals for PERFECTA-SH bound to gold NPs, whereas no response was obtained with both HFBII and PLGA NP dispersions in water. Further experimental and theoretical studies will be performed to understand this behavior, as well as to verify if the release of PERFECTA-SH-NPs at the intracellular level could switch on their signal again, resulting in a kind of “on-off” bimodal nanoplatform.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Thesis Montrasio Edoardo 2022-2023.pdf
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Executive_Summary Montrasio Edoardo 2022-2023.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/210236