One of the most important challenges that our society will have to address is the unsustainability of the linear economy model. Indeed, the global consumption of resources is already 1.7 times the amount of ecological resources Earth can regenerate yearly and set to triple by 2050. This research aims to investigate how AI supports the implementation of Circular Economy practices to address human overconsumption of resources. Indeed, Circular Economy allows to decouple economic growth from resource consumption since products and parts are kept in use for multiple lifecycles through reuse, remanufacturing and repairing. Artificial intelligence has been identified as one of the critical tools for developing circular businesses as it allows to tackle the increased complexity characterising circular strategies. An analysis of the extant literature and real-world cases of adoption is performed. Consequently, the development of a Scenario Analysis based on the case of the Washpass service developed by Haier is developed. Washpass introduces servitisation into Haier’s business model by offering the use of the washing machine on a monthly subscription structure, instead of outright purchase. The Scenario Analysis aims at quantifying the differences in lifecycle cost and carbon emissions between linear and circular washing machines. AI tools see a large development mainly in support of Reverse Logistics activities, both in the literature and in real cases of application. Instead, AI techniques developed for Circular Product Design and support to New Business Models are shown to be limited. Additionally, the analysis of the Washpass case, highlights a limited circular structure, lacking in Reverse Logistics and design for circularity. The Scenario Analysis from the point of view of the average consumer results in the circular business model to achieve comparable environmental impacts to the traditional business model, while being drastically less financially performing. Instead, the scenario analysis developed to look at the entire European washing machine sector reveals significant carbon emission savings in case of complete sector transition to a circular structure.
Una delle sfide più importanti che l’umanità dovrà affrontare è l’insostenibilità del modello economico lineare. Infatti, il consumo globale di risorse è ad oggi 1.7 volte le risorse generabili dalla Terra in un anno e si prevede triplicherà entro il 2050. L’obiettivo di questo elaborato è investigare come l’Intelligenza Artificiale (IA) possa supportare l’introduzione dell’Economia Circolare per affrontare il consumo eccessivo di risorse. Infatti, l’Economia Circolare permette di disaccoppiare la crescita economica dal consumo di risorse, dato che prodotti e componenti sono utilizzati per più cicli di vita attraverso il riuso, il remanufacturing e la riparazione. Inoltre, l’IA è stata identificata nella letteratura come uno degli strumenti essenziali per affrontare la maggior complessità che caratterizza le strategie circolari. È stata sviluppata una Scenario Analysis basata sull’analisi della letteratura esistente e sul servizio Washpass di Haier. Washpass introduce il Product-as-a-Service nel business model di Haier offrendo l’accesso a una lavatrice in abbonamento mensile. La Scenario Analysis prende in considerazione il caso di Washpass e quantifica le differenze di impatto ambientale e di costi tra lavatrici tradizionali e circolari. Dall’analisi della letteratura e dei casi di reale applicazione emerge uno sviluppo di tecniche di AI a supporto, principalmente, di attività di Reverse Logistics. Al contrario, tecniche per design di prodotti circolari e supporto a nuovi business model sono risultate molto limitate. Inoltre, l’analisi del caso Washpass evidenzia una struttura circolare limitata, dovuta alla carenza di sviluppo della struttura di Reverse Logistics e Design per la circolarità. La Scenario Analysis sviluppata dal punto di vista di un consumatore medio risulta in performance ambientali delle strutture circolari paragonabili alle strutture tradizionali. Invece, i costi sono drasticamente più favorevoli in modelli lineari. Per quanto riguarda il punto di vista dell’intero settore Europeo delle lavatrici, si evidenziano importanti riduzioni di emissioni ambientali nel caso di una circolarizzazione dell’intero mercato.
Artificial Intelligence for circular economy: review and analysis applied to the white goods sector
Oldani, Davide
2021/2022
Abstract
One of the most important challenges that our society will have to address is the unsustainability of the linear economy model. Indeed, the global consumption of resources is already 1.7 times the amount of ecological resources Earth can regenerate yearly and set to triple by 2050. This research aims to investigate how AI supports the implementation of Circular Economy practices to address human overconsumption of resources. Indeed, Circular Economy allows to decouple economic growth from resource consumption since products and parts are kept in use for multiple lifecycles through reuse, remanufacturing and repairing. Artificial intelligence has been identified as one of the critical tools for developing circular businesses as it allows to tackle the increased complexity characterising circular strategies. An analysis of the extant literature and real-world cases of adoption is performed. Consequently, the development of a Scenario Analysis based on the case of the Washpass service developed by Haier is developed. Washpass introduces servitisation into Haier’s business model by offering the use of the washing machine on a monthly subscription structure, instead of outright purchase. The Scenario Analysis aims at quantifying the differences in lifecycle cost and carbon emissions between linear and circular washing machines. AI tools see a large development mainly in support of Reverse Logistics activities, both in the literature and in real cases of application. Instead, AI techniques developed for Circular Product Design and support to New Business Models are shown to be limited. Additionally, the analysis of the Washpass case, highlights a limited circular structure, lacking in Reverse Logistics and design for circularity. The Scenario Analysis from the point of view of the average consumer results in the circular business model to achieve comparable environmental impacts to the traditional business model, while being drastically less financially performing. Instead, the scenario analysis developed to look at the entire European washing machine sector reveals significant carbon emission savings in case of complete sector transition to a circular structure.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/212284