The political leaders in Egypt had launched, few years ago, a very ambitious development plan with the aim to solve the problems that rose from decades of unsustainable and unplanned expansion. The plan includes the Suez Canal axis development, the Northwest development plan, among other megaprojects all over the country, however, the most important, as well as impressive, project presented in this plan is the construction of a New Administrative Capital “NAC”. The NAC development project has been officially Launched on March 2015. It is situated 45 km-east of the existing city, spread out in a plain uninhabited site of more than 700 km2 where more than 5 million inhabitants will be relocated. The project idea was driven by the facts that (a) the vast majority of Egypt population inhabit less than 8% of the country’s area, (b) the great Cairo Area “GCA” population growth is estimated at two million inhabitant per year – its population is expected to rise to 40 million in the next decades, and (c) the high percentage of informal settlements in the GCA. Thus, the project aims to relieve Cairo’s congestion and overpopulation, as well as to incentive tourism, an important source of income for the country. The project consists in the creation of the renewed administrative and financial center of Egypt. Its main facilities will include: (a) governmental district; (b) central business district; (c) an arts and culture district; (d) diplomatic district; (e) religious buildings; (f) a sports city, and (g) 21 residential districts. Moreover, it includes many environmental novelties as part of its design, such as solar-farms, electric transportation systems, water-reuse technologies, among others. For those reasons (the city design and the environmental novelties), among others, the NAC developers “ACUD” are promoting the city as a smart city. A term, that even though, not clearly defined yet, however, it strongly suggests that the city, at least, will apply the sustainable development principles. This thesis will study new city development and capital relocations using real-world examples. Following that, the literature will be examined in order to identify the most prevalent characteristics of the Sustainable City and Smart City. Ultimately, the New Administrative Capital project will be thoroughly researched, with the theoretical analysis results projected over it to assess the new city's smartness.
I leader politici in Egitto hanno lanciato, alcuni anni fa, un piano di sviluppo molto ambizioso con l'obiettivo di risolvere i problemi sorti da decenni di espansione insostenibile e non pianificata. Il piano include lo sviluppo dell'asse del Canale di Suez, il piano di sviluppo del nord-ovest, tra gli altri megaprogetti in tutto il paese, tuttavia, il progetto più importante, oltre che impressionante, presentato in questo piano è la costruzione di una nuova capitale amministrativa "NAC". Il progetto di sviluppo NAC è stato lanciato ufficialmente a marzo 2015. Si trova a 45 km a est della città esistente, sparso in un sito pianeggiante disabitato di oltre 700 km2 dove saranno trasferiti più di 5 milioni di abitanti. L'idea del progetto è stata guidata dai fatti che (a) la stragrande maggioranza della popolazione egiziana abita meno dell'8% dell'area del paese, (b) la grande crescita della popolazione dell'area del Cairo "GCA" è stimata in due milioni di abitanti all'anno - la sua la popolazione dovrebbe salire a 40 milioni nei prossimi decenni e (c) l'alta percentuale di insediamenti informali nell'ACG. Pertanto, il progetto mira ad alleviare la congestione e la sovrappopolazione del Cairo, nonché a incentivare il turismo, un'importante fonte di reddito per il Paese. Il progetto consiste nella creazione di un rinnovato centro amministrativo e finanziario dell'Egitto. Le sue strutture principali includeranno: (a) distretto governativo; (b) quartiere centrale degli affari; (c) un distretto artistico e culturale; (d) circoscrizione diplomatica; e) edifici religiosi; (f) una città sportiva e (g) 21 quartieri residenziali. Inoltre, include molte novità ambientali come parte del suo design, tra cui fattorie solari, sistemi di trasporto elettrico e tecnologie di riutilizzo dell'acqua. Per questi motivi (il design della città e le novità ambientali), tra gli altri, gli sviluppatori NAC "ACUD" stanno promuovendo la città come città intelligente. Un termine che, anche se non ancora chiaramente definito, suggerisce fortemente che la città applicherà almeno i principi dello sviluppo sostenibile. Questa tesi studierà lo sviluppo di nuove città e il trasferimento di capitali utilizzando esempi del mondo reale. Successivamente, verrà esaminata la letteratura al fine di identificare le caratteristiche prevalenti della Città Sostenibile e della Smart City. Infine, il progetto della Nuova Capitale Amministrativa sarà studiato a fondo, con i risultati dell'analisi teorica proiettati su di esso al fine di valutare l'intelligenza della nuova città.
Evaluating the smart sustainable city concept. The case of Egypt’s new administrative capital (NAC)
Mahmoud, Mohamed Saleh Fouad Ali
2021/2022
Abstract
The political leaders in Egypt had launched, few years ago, a very ambitious development plan with the aim to solve the problems that rose from decades of unsustainable and unplanned expansion. The plan includes the Suez Canal axis development, the Northwest development plan, among other megaprojects all over the country, however, the most important, as well as impressive, project presented in this plan is the construction of a New Administrative Capital “NAC”. The NAC development project has been officially Launched on March 2015. It is situated 45 km-east of the existing city, spread out in a plain uninhabited site of more than 700 km2 where more than 5 million inhabitants will be relocated. The project idea was driven by the facts that (a) the vast majority of Egypt population inhabit less than 8% of the country’s area, (b) the great Cairo Area “GCA” population growth is estimated at two million inhabitant per year – its population is expected to rise to 40 million in the next decades, and (c) the high percentage of informal settlements in the GCA. Thus, the project aims to relieve Cairo’s congestion and overpopulation, as well as to incentive tourism, an important source of income for the country. The project consists in the creation of the renewed administrative and financial center of Egypt. Its main facilities will include: (a) governmental district; (b) central business district; (c) an arts and culture district; (d) diplomatic district; (e) religious buildings; (f) a sports city, and (g) 21 residential districts. Moreover, it includes many environmental novelties as part of its design, such as solar-farms, electric transportation systems, water-reuse technologies, among others. For those reasons (the city design and the environmental novelties), among others, the NAC developers “ACUD” are promoting the city as a smart city. A term, that even though, not clearly defined yet, however, it strongly suggests that the city, at least, will apply the sustainable development principles. This thesis will study new city development and capital relocations using real-world examples. Following that, the literature will be examined in order to identify the most prevalent characteristics of the Sustainable City and Smart City. Ultimately, the New Administrative Capital project will be thoroughly researched, with the theoretical analysis results projected over it to assess the new city's smartness.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/212572