School buildings play a crucial role in the lives of children, serving as their primary indoor environment outside of home. With up to eight hours spent in schools each day, the indoor environment quality (IEQ) in these settings significantly affects students' health and well-being. One key aspect of IEQ is indoor air quality (IAQ), which is directly linked to air purity and indoor air renewal. Unfortunately, many European schools suffer from low IAQ levels, primarily due to inadequate ventilation. This issue becomes more pronounced during colder seasons when windows are kept closed to avoid thermal discomfort in classrooms. To address the problem, one potential solution is the installation of mechanical ventilation systems equipped with heat recovery units. These systems provide adequate ventilation rates while minimizing heat losses associated with ventilation. However, they also lead to additional energy consumption. This thesis aims to analyze the energy impact of implementing mechanical ventilation systems in Italian classrooms. The study employs an advanced energy simulation tool and considers various factors to represent the entire school building stock in Italy, including construction age and geographical location. The primary focus is to assess the shift from natural ventilation to mechanical ventilation in classrooms and its influence on heating loads. Additionally, the research examines the potential energy savings achievable based on building age, and climate zone. By evaluating total primary energy consumption, the study provides a comprehensive understanding of the potential energy impact of implementing mechanical ventilation systems across the country to meet current ventilation standards. The findings of this research offer valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders, enabling them to prioritize and implement targeted strategies to ensure a healthy environment in school classrooms based on different locations and age of construction.
Gli edifici scolastici svolgono un ruolo cruciale nella vita dei bambini, fungendo da principale ambiente interno al di fuori della casa. Con fino a otto ore trascorse ogni giorno a scuola, la qualità dell'ambiente interno (IEQ) in queste strutture influisce in modo significativo sulla salute e il benessere degli studenti. Uno degli aspetti chiave dell'IEQ è la qualità dell'aria interna (IAQ), che è direttamente legata alla purezza dell'aria e al rinnovo dell'aria interna. Purtroppo, molte scuole europee presentano livelli bassi di IAQ, principalmente a causa di una ventilazione inadeguata. Questo problema diventa più evidente durante le stagioni più fredde, quando le finestre vengono tenute chiuse per evitare disconfort termico nelle aule. Per affrontare il problema, una possibile soluzione è l'installazione di sistemi di ventilazione meccanica dotati di unità di recupero del calore. Questi sistemi forniscono adeguati tassi di ventilazione riducendo al minimo le perdite di calore associate alla ventilazione. Tuttavia, comportano anche un consumo energetico aggiuntivo. Questa tesi si propone di analizzare l'impatto energetico derivante dall'implementazione di sistemi di ventilazione meccanica nelle aule scolastiche italiane. Lo studio utilizza uno strumento avanzato di simulazione energetica e prende in considerazione vari fattori per rappresentare l'intero parco edilizio scolastico in Italia, inclusi l'età di costruzione e la posizione geografica. L'obiettivo principale è valutare il passaggio dalla ventilazione naturale alla ventilazione meccanica nelle aule e il suo impatto sul carico termico. Inoltre, la ricerca esamina il potenziale risparmio energetico ottenibile in base all'età degli edifici e alla zona climatica. Attraverso la valutazione del consumo totale di energia primaria, lo studio fornisce una comprensione esaustiva dell'impatto energetico potenziale derivante dall'implementazione di sistemi di ventilazione meccanica in tutto il paese per soddisfare gli attuali standard di ventilazione. I risultati di questa ricerca offrono preziose intuizioni per i responsabili delle politiche e gli attori interessati, consentendo loro di dare priorità e attuare strategie mirate per garantire un ambiente salubre nelle aule scolastiche, in base alle diverse località ed epoche di costruzione.
Scenario of mechanical ventilation for school classrooms in Italy : implications on energy consumption
MIAN, NAQSHAB JAVED
2022/2023
Abstract
School buildings play a crucial role in the lives of children, serving as their primary indoor environment outside of home. With up to eight hours spent in schools each day, the indoor environment quality (IEQ) in these settings significantly affects students' health and well-being. One key aspect of IEQ is indoor air quality (IAQ), which is directly linked to air purity and indoor air renewal. Unfortunately, many European schools suffer from low IAQ levels, primarily due to inadequate ventilation. This issue becomes more pronounced during colder seasons when windows are kept closed to avoid thermal discomfort in classrooms. To address the problem, one potential solution is the installation of mechanical ventilation systems equipped with heat recovery units. These systems provide adequate ventilation rates while minimizing heat losses associated with ventilation. However, they also lead to additional energy consumption. This thesis aims to analyze the energy impact of implementing mechanical ventilation systems in Italian classrooms. The study employs an advanced energy simulation tool and considers various factors to represent the entire school building stock in Italy, including construction age and geographical location. The primary focus is to assess the shift from natural ventilation to mechanical ventilation in classrooms and its influence on heating loads. Additionally, the research examines the potential energy savings achievable based on building age, and climate zone. By evaluating total primary energy consumption, the study provides a comprehensive understanding of the potential energy impact of implementing mechanical ventilation systems across the country to meet current ventilation standards. The findings of this research offer valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders, enabling them to prioritize and implement targeted strategies to ensure a healthy environment in school classrooms based on different locations and age of construction.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/212781