This work aims to investigate the possibility to control the microstructure and the mechanical properties of hot rolled track shoes both after the rolling stage and after the following treatments. One of the most important properties that influence the hardenability of a steel, together with the chemical composition, is the austenitic grain size. For this reason, the mechanism of grain growth of the examined steel (26MnCrB4) is studied together with an analysis of the influence of the PAGS on the hardenability. The grain growth analysis performed is focused on a range going from the material’s recommended quenching temperature (870°C) to the higher rolling one (1200°C). Specimens were heated at six temperatures inside the range and soaked for different times to calculate the prior austenite grain sizes through Bechet-Beaujard etchant and following the ASTM 112 standard. The collected experimental data were then used to give an analytic expression of the grain growth depending on heating temperature and soaking time. Finally, the pinning effect applied on the grain growth by aluminum nitrides was studied in the range from 870°C up to 1000°C before their complete dissolution. Afterwards, three Jominy specimens with separate grain sizes were examined to evaluate the influence of the PAGS on the hardenability of the material. Hardness profiles of the specimens were measured first on machined flats with different depths, then on the axis and matched with the microstructural development. In the end thermal analysis are performed to associate cooling speed giving a certain microstructure with the grain size of the quenched piece. The obtained data are useful to assess the goodness of the production process held in Pallanzeno integrating them with previous thesis. The possible solutions to prevent bainite formation in the cooling stage (as required by the company) are investigated.
La seguente tesi ha l’obiettivo di valutare il meccanismo di crescite del grano in un acciaio al boro (26MnCrB4) e l’influenza della dimensione del grano austenitico (PAGS) sulla temprabilità del materiale. L’acciaio in questione è utilizzato per la produzione dei cingoli di trattori sita in un impianto di laminazione a caldo di Duferco SpA a Pallanzeno. L’analisi di crescita del grano si concentra su un intervallo che va da 870°C (temperatura di tempra) a 1200°C (temperatura di laminazione). Dei campioni sono stati riscaldati a sei temperature nell’intervallo in questione con tempi di mantenimento diversi per poi calcolare le dimensioni del grano austenitico con un attacco chimico Bechet-Beaujard e seguendo la norma ASTM 112. I dati sperimentali raccolti sono poi stati utilizzati per dare una espressione analitica della crescita del grano in funzione della temperatura di riscaldo e il tempo di mantenimento. Infine, l’effetto di contenimento sulla crescita del grano austenitico applicato dai nitruri di alluminio è stato investigato nell’intervallo di temperature dagli 870°C ai 1000°C, prima del loro totale scioglimento. Successivamente, tre campioni Jominy con differenti dimensioni di grano austenitico sono stati esaminati per valutare l’influenza della dimensione del grano sulla temprabilità dell’acciaio. Profili di durezza sono stati misurati prima su spianate aventi diverse profondità e in seguito sull’asse dei campioni comparandoli con le microstrutture ottenute. Infine, un’analisi termica è stata sviluppata per associare le velocità di raffreddamento che impongono una certa microstruttura con la dimensione del grano austenitico. I dati ottenuti sono utili per valutare la bontà del processo di produzione di Pallanzeno, integrandoli con precedenti progetti di tesi. Le possibili soluzioni per evitare la formazione di bainite in fase di raffreddamento (come richiesto dall’azienda) sono state investigate.
Influence of the prior austenitic grain size on the microstructure and hardenability of a C-Mn-Cr-B steel
REDAELLI, TOMMASO
2022/2023
Abstract
This work aims to investigate the possibility to control the microstructure and the mechanical properties of hot rolled track shoes both after the rolling stage and after the following treatments. One of the most important properties that influence the hardenability of a steel, together with the chemical composition, is the austenitic grain size. For this reason, the mechanism of grain growth of the examined steel (26MnCrB4) is studied together with an analysis of the influence of the PAGS on the hardenability. The grain growth analysis performed is focused on a range going from the material’s recommended quenching temperature (870°C) to the higher rolling one (1200°C). Specimens were heated at six temperatures inside the range and soaked for different times to calculate the prior austenite grain sizes through Bechet-Beaujard etchant and following the ASTM 112 standard. The collected experimental data were then used to give an analytic expression of the grain growth depending on heating temperature and soaking time. Finally, the pinning effect applied on the grain growth by aluminum nitrides was studied in the range from 870°C up to 1000°C before their complete dissolution. Afterwards, three Jominy specimens with separate grain sizes were examined to evaluate the influence of the PAGS on the hardenability of the material. Hardness profiles of the specimens were measured first on machined flats with different depths, then on the axis and matched with the microstructural development. In the end thermal analysis are performed to associate cooling speed giving a certain microstructure with the grain size of the quenched piece. The obtained data are useful to assess the goodness of the production process held in Pallanzeno integrating them with previous thesis. The possible solutions to prevent bainite formation in the cooling stage (as required by the company) are investigated.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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tesi_magistrale.pdf
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ExecutiveSummary.pdf
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Descrizione: Executive Summary
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/214223