The purpose of this thesis is to address the issue of fire safety on construction sites and, specifically, by applying a performance approach and making use of Fire Safety Engineering tools, evaluate different scenarios in emergency situations. The specific working conditions of the construction site are in fact, by their nature, different from those that can be verified in “static” companies, as they are characterized by the temporal and spatial variability of the processes and by the frequent rotation of the personnel employed. Starting from the analysis of case studies of fires that occurred on scaffolding, concerning newly built and renovated buildings, and then outlining the regulatory framework of the sector up to the most recent innovations in terms of fire prevention with regards to the construction site field and the area closures of civil buildings, we will arrive at a targeted in-depth analysis of human behavior in the event of fire and finally at the evaluation of emergency scenarios using a performance approach. To evaluate the different fire scenarios, the CPI win FSE software was used, in such a way as to be able to simulate the dynamics inherent to the exodus of workers and the fluid dynamics of fire and smoke. In addition to the analysis of the results obtained, improvement proposals will finally be put forward, in both design and management terms, which it is hoped will contribute to reducing the risk of fire within construction sites with the presence of scaffolding.
L’obiettivo della presente tesi di laurea è quello di affrontare il tema della sicurezza antincendio in cantiere e, nello specifico, applicando un approccio di tipo prestazionale e avvalendosi degli strumenti della Fire Safety Engineering, valutare diversi scenari in situazioni di emergenza. Le condizioni di lavoro peculiari del cantiere sono infatti, per loro natura, diverse da quelle verificabili nelle aziende “statiche”, in quanto si caratterizzano per la variabilità temporale e spaziale delle lavorazioni e per la frequente rotazione del personale impiegato. A partire dall’analisi di casi studio di incendi verificatesi su ponteggi, riguardanti edifici di nuova costruzione e ristrutturazione, ed in seguito ad aver delineato il quadro normativo di settore fino alle più recenti novità in termini di prevenzione incendi per quanto riguarda l’ambito ergotecnico e le chiusure d’ambito degli edifici civili, si arriverà ad un approfondimento mirato circa il comportamento umano in caso di incendio delle persone e alla valutazione di scenari d’emergenza avvalendosi di un approccio di tipo prestazionale. Al fine di valutare i diversi scenari di incendio è stato utilizzato il software CPI win FSE, in modo tale da poter simulare le dinamiche inerenti all’esodo delle maestranze e alla fluidodinamica del fuoco e dei fumi. A corredo dell’analisi dei risultati ottenuti, verranno infine avanzate delle proposte di tipo migliorativo, in termini sia progettuali che gestionali, che si auspica possano contribuire a ridurre il rischio di incendio all’interno di cantieri con presenza di ponteggio.
Sicurezza antincendio del ponteggio in facciata : quadro normativo, analisi del rischio incendio in cantiere e modellazione FDS di scenari d'emergenza
Centamore, Clarissa
2022/2023
Abstract
The purpose of this thesis is to address the issue of fire safety on construction sites and, specifically, by applying a performance approach and making use of Fire Safety Engineering tools, evaluate different scenarios in emergency situations. The specific working conditions of the construction site are in fact, by their nature, different from those that can be verified in “static” companies, as they are characterized by the temporal and spatial variability of the processes and by the frequent rotation of the personnel employed. Starting from the analysis of case studies of fires that occurred on scaffolding, concerning newly built and renovated buildings, and then outlining the regulatory framework of the sector up to the most recent innovations in terms of fire prevention with regards to the construction site field and the area closures of civil buildings, we will arrive at a targeted in-depth analysis of human behavior in the event of fire and finally at the evaluation of emergency scenarios using a performance approach. To evaluate the different fire scenarios, the CPI win FSE software was used, in such a way as to be able to simulate the dynamics inherent to the exodus of workers and the fluid dynamics of fire and smoke. In addition to the analysis of the results obtained, improvement proposals will finally be put forward, in both design and management terms, which it is hoped will contribute to reducing the risk of fire within construction sites with the presence of scaffolding.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2023_12_Centamore.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/214716