The fusion reaction between a proton and a nucleus of 11B, or the p-11B nuclear reaction, has been widely studied in nuclear physics. This reaction has various applications in nuclear engineering, medicine, astrophysics, and as a potential energy source in fusion reactors. However, there is still no complete agreement on the reaction mechanism and kinematics. The reaction involves three bodies, making it more difficult to study compared to a two-body reaction. Thus, it is crucial to understand the reaction mechanism and to increase the amount of experimental data for the description of the reaction cross section. This study aims to evaluate the reaction cross section between protons and 11B in the energy range of 0.3 - 4.7 MeV. Two thin targets were used in the experiment, one made of natural Boron and the other made of pure 11B, developed using the Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) technique. Different measurement campaigns were carried out at Legnaro National Laboratories (LNL) of the Italian Institute of Nuclear Physics (INFN). The Monolithic Silicon Telescope (MST) was utilized, which allows to discriminate between alpha particles and elastically scattered protons. This enables the collection of energy spectra that are free from interferences, even at low energies, which is essential for cross section evaluation. The cross section was assessed for both the total and the α0 channel in the 0.69 - 4.73 MeV energy range for the measurements conducted using the pure 11B target. FLUKA simulations were used to accurately verify the energies distribution of the protons on the target. The energy spectra of the natural Boron target and pure target, measured in the same energy range (0.75 - 2.97 MeV), were compared to determine the contribution of the reaction between proton and 10B in the alpha production process when the natural Boron target is used. In the energy range of 0.34 - 4.73 MeV, a final assessment of the total cross-section was conducted using data collected during the different campaigns. The total cross-section was compared to results found in the literature. The cross section trend is similar, except for a significant increase near 4.5 MeV. This energy region lacks experimental data but the increase suggests the presence of another resonance. Thus, further expansion of the energy range of the cross section evaluation are necessary, in particular, to explore the possible resonance near 5 MeV.
La reazione di fusione tra un protone e un nucleo di 11B (p-11B), è stata ampiamente studiata nella fisica nucleare. Questa reazione ha potenziali applicazioni nell’ingegneria nucleare, nella medicina, nell’astrofisica e come possibile fonte di energia nei reattori a fusione. Tuttavia, non esiste ancora una descrizione condivisa della cinetica di reazione. La reazione coinvolge tre corpi, rendendola più difficile da studiare rispetto a una reazione a due corpi. Pertanto, è fondamentale comprendere il meccanismo della reazione e aumentare i dati sperimentali relativi alla sezione d’urto. Questa tesi presenta dati sperimentali per la sezione d’urto della reazione, per energie dei protoni incidenti tra 0,3 a 4,7 MeV. Durante le misure sono stati utilizzati due target, uno di Boro naturale e l’altro di 11B puro, sviluppati utilizzando la tecnica di deposizione laser pulsata (PLD). Diverse campagne di misura sono state condotte presso i Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro (LNL) dell’Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN). È stato utilizzato il rivelatore MST, che consente di discriminare tra particelle alfa e protoni scatterati. Ciò consente la raccolta di spettri privi di interferenze, anche a basse energie, essenziali per il calcolo della sezione d’urto. Sono state stimate la sezione d’urto totale e del solo canale α0 nell’intervallo di energie tra 0,69 e 4,73 MeV per le misurazioni effettuate utilizzando il target di 11B puro. Simulazioni FLUKA sono state utilizzate per verificare l’energia dei protoni sul target. Gli spettri delle particelle alfa emesse dal target di Boro naturale e da quello puro, misurati nello stesso intervallo di energia (0,75 - 2,97 MeV), sono stati confrontati per determinare il contributo della reazione tra protone e 10B nella produzione di particelle alfa quando viene utilizzato il Boro naturale. Nell’intervallo di energia da 0,34 a 4,73 MeV è stata condotta una valutazione finale della sezione d’urto totale utilizzando i dati raccolti durante le diverse misure. La sezione d’urto totale è stata confrontata con i risultati trovati in letteratura. L’andamento è simile, tranne per un aumento significativo vicino a 4,5 MeV. In questo intervallo di energie c’è una mancanza di dati sperimentali e questo aumento suggerisce la presenza di un’altra risonanza. Pertanto, è necessario ampliare l’intervallo di energie in cui viene studiata la sezione d’urto, in particolare per esplorare la possibile risonanza a 5 MeV.
Experimental evaluation of the p-11B reaction cross section in the 0.3 - 4.7 MeV energy range
Bellotti, Emma Sofia
2022/2023
Abstract
The fusion reaction between a proton and a nucleus of 11B, or the p-11B nuclear reaction, has been widely studied in nuclear physics. This reaction has various applications in nuclear engineering, medicine, astrophysics, and as a potential energy source in fusion reactors. However, there is still no complete agreement on the reaction mechanism and kinematics. The reaction involves three bodies, making it more difficult to study compared to a two-body reaction. Thus, it is crucial to understand the reaction mechanism and to increase the amount of experimental data for the description of the reaction cross section. This study aims to evaluate the reaction cross section between protons and 11B in the energy range of 0.3 - 4.7 MeV. Two thin targets were used in the experiment, one made of natural Boron and the other made of pure 11B, developed using the Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) technique. Different measurement campaigns were carried out at Legnaro National Laboratories (LNL) of the Italian Institute of Nuclear Physics (INFN). The Monolithic Silicon Telescope (MST) was utilized, which allows to discriminate between alpha particles and elastically scattered protons. This enables the collection of energy spectra that are free from interferences, even at low energies, which is essential for cross section evaluation. The cross section was assessed for both the total and the α0 channel in the 0.69 - 4.73 MeV energy range for the measurements conducted using the pure 11B target. FLUKA simulations were used to accurately verify the energies distribution of the protons on the target. The energy spectra of the natural Boron target and pure target, measured in the same energy range (0.75 - 2.97 MeV), were compared to determine the contribution of the reaction between proton and 10B in the alpha production process when the natural Boron target is used. In the energy range of 0.34 - 4.73 MeV, a final assessment of the total cross-section was conducted using data collected during the different campaigns. The total cross-section was compared to results found in the literature. The cross section trend is similar, except for a significant increase near 4.5 MeV. This energy region lacks experimental data but the increase suggests the presence of another resonance. Thus, further expansion of the energy range of the cross section evaluation are necessary, in particular, to explore the possible resonance near 5 MeV.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2023_12_Bellotti_Executive_Summary.pdf
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2023_12_Bellotti_Tesi.pdf
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Descrizione: Tesi
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/215449