In the context of collapsed totalitarian regimes there are certain buildings that have lost their original purpose and are now seen as a burden to contemporary society because of the societal perception of the traumatic past they represent. The thesis highlights a common denominator through which a group of such neglected buildings is selected. They are characterised by their function as recreational complexes for the ruling class in the context of the Communist states in Eastern Europe. The typology is based on the principles of the rehabilitation facility – sanatorium. The research follows their development as a tool for hygiene and health during the outbreak of tuberculosis in the beginning of the 20th century. Later, during the Cold War, the same typology became the facility for the programmed recreation in the Eastern bloc for the proletariat and the elite alike. Through an overview of the development of each case in the collection a reactivation strategy based on the adaptation of their originally intended function to serve the public is investigated. The project explores the application of the strategy in the case study of the abandoned Government Sanatorium in the recreational town Bankya near the capital of Bulgaria, Sofia. The significance of the programmatic specificity of such buildings together with their difficult past and isolation from the public makes their reuse a challenging task. For this reason different contemporary approaches to the reactivation and re-use of “neglected heritage” are explored. Finally, the strategy proposed is divided in two stages that see the abandoned building as a palimpsest of processes. The first stage includes an initial reactivation of the complex with an in-between use and an alternative circulation path that allows visitors to experience the architectural composition while moving throughout the reactivated spaces. The second step deals with the characteristic qualities of the building as a sanatorium and collective memory of the broader public to it. This is achieved by expanding the original balneologic function for a collective use through the partial conservation of the existing structure and addition of elements.
Nel contesto dei regimi totalitari crollati ci sono alcuni edifici che hanno perso la loro funzione originaria, e sono ora visti come un peso per la società contemporanea a causa della percezione sociale del passato traumatico che essi rappresentano. La tesi mette in evidenza un denominatore comune attraverso il quale viene selezionato un gruppo di questi edifici trascurati. Essi sono caratterizzati dalla loro funzione di complessi ricreativi per la classe dirigente nel contesto degli Stati comunisti dell'Europa orientale. La tipologia si basa sui principi della struttura riabilitativa - sanatorio. La ricerca segue il loro sviluppo come strumento di igiene e salute durante l'epidemia di tubercolosi all'inizio del XX secolo. Successivamente, durante la Guerra Fredda, la stessa tipologia divenne la struttura per la ricreazione programmata nel blocco orientale per il proletariato e l'élite. Attraverso una panoramica dello sviluppo di ciascun caso selezionato, viene studiata una strategia di riattivazione basata sull'adattamento della funzione originariamente prevista al servizio del pubblico. Il progetto esplora l'applicazione di questa strategia nel caso studio del Sanatorio governativo abbandonato nella città ricreativa di Bankya, vicino alla capitale della Bulgaria, Sofia. L'importanza della specificità programmatica di questi edifici, insieme al loro passato difficile e all'isolamento dal pubblico, rende il loro riutilizzo un compito impegnativo. Per questo motivo vengono esplorati diversi approcci contemporanei alla riattivazione e al riutilizzo del "patrimonio trascurato". Infine, la strategia proposta è suddivisa in due fasi che vedono l'edificio abbandonato come un palinsesto di processi. La prima fase prevede una prima riattivazione del complesso con un uso intermedio e un percorso di circolazione alternativo che permette ai visitatori di sperimentare la composizione architettonica muovendosi negli spazi riattivati. La seconda fase riguarda le qualità caratteristiche dell'edificio come sanatorio e la memoria collettiva del pubblico in generale. Ciò si ottiene ampliando la funzione balneare originale per un uso collettivo attraverso la conservazione parziale della struttura esistente e l'aggiunta di elementi.
Recreational complexes for the Eastern European communist elite: the case of the government sanatorium in Bankya, Bulgaria : past, present and future
Sugarev, Mihail
2022/2023
Abstract
In the context of collapsed totalitarian regimes there are certain buildings that have lost their original purpose and are now seen as a burden to contemporary society because of the societal perception of the traumatic past they represent. The thesis highlights a common denominator through which a group of such neglected buildings is selected. They are characterised by their function as recreational complexes for the ruling class in the context of the Communist states in Eastern Europe. The typology is based on the principles of the rehabilitation facility – sanatorium. The research follows their development as a tool for hygiene and health during the outbreak of tuberculosis in the beginning of the 20th century. Later, during the Cold War, the same typology became the facility for the programmed recreation in the Eastern bloc for the proletariat and the elite alike. Through an overview of the development of each case in the collection a reactivation strategy based on the adaptation of their originally intended function to serve the public is investigated. The project explores the application of the strategy in the case study of the abandoned Government Sanatorium in the recreational town Bankya near the capital of Bulgaria, Sofia. The significance of the programmatic specificity of such buildings together with their difficult past and isolation from the public makes their reuse a challenging task. For this reason different contemporary approaches to the reactivation and re-use of “neglected heritage” are explored. Finally, the strategy proposed is divided in two stages that see the abandoned building as a palimpsest of processes. The first stage includes an initial reactivation of the complex with an in-between use and an alternative circulation path that allows visitors to experience the architectural composition while moving throughout the reactivated spaces. The second step deals with the characteristic qualities of the building as a sanatorium and collective memory of the broader public to it. This is achieved by expanding the original balneologic function for a collective use through the partial conservation of the existing structure and addition of elements.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Descrizione: Mihail Sugarev Thesis
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/215891