The boundaries between urban and rural areas are gradually disappearing as urban centers expand into formerly undeveloped areas after reaching saturation. This phenomena presents difficulties in economic, ecological, and sociological domains and threatens the traditional identity of rural areas and agricultural dynamics. Indeed, the urban fringe regions, which operate as buffers between urban and rural areas, are the most affected zones. Changing land use defines the rural-urban fringe, which is located in the developing agricultural hinterland and is characterized in relation to the neighboring city. Turkey demonstrates a strong asymmetry in the dynamics of distribution between agricultural and urban functions. The idea that urbanization is necessary for modernity is what drove the country’s urbanization boom in the 1950s. The 2001 economic crisis only served to fuel this momentum more (Turk, 2016). Presently, it is evident that the agricultural landscape, has undergone significant transformation with the intrusion of tourism, industrial activities, and residential functions. In order to address the issue of agricultural desertification which has arisen as a result of rural-urban duality, urban sprawl, and insufficient rural development policies the research primarily examines the shifting dynamics in Cesme, a case district. It focuses on 3 main chanllanges in the district. The initial challenge involves the alteration of land use functions in highly fertile agricultural zones due to urbanization, leading to the erosion of local identity and soil. The second issue is the depreciation of agricultural economies, driven by the real estate and construction sectors’ growth, influenced by the rising demand for secondary housing in tandem with the expanding tourism industry. This growth has hindered the establishment of a sustainable collaboration between tourism and agriculture. The last issue is the widespread adoption of intensive farming techniques and the mechanization of agriculture, which have led to a fall in traditional agricultural practices. In addressing the identified issues within the thesis, the primary aim is to reformulate solution strategies utilized by various countries, notably those within the European Union, for the local district. These strategies aim to preserve fertile soils and deter the conversion of agricultural functions within the framework of land use planning. Additionally, the research endeavors to foster economic and ecological sustainability in the area by establishing a harmonious and equitable relationship between agricultural and tourism activities, with a key focus on conserving the agricultural landscape as a valuable local asset. Finally, by advocating for organic farming practices and restraining agricultural intensification, the study aims to mitigate ecological challenges in the region and bolster localism.
I confini tra aree urbane e rurali stanno gradualmente scomparendo, poiché i centri urbani si espandono in aree precedentemente non sviluppate dopo aver raggiunto la saturazione. Questo fenomeno presenta difficoltà in ambito economico, ecologico e sociologico e minaccia l’identità tradizionale delle aree rurali e le dinamiche agricole. Le frange urbane, che fungono da cuscinetto tra aree urbane e rurali, sono le zone più colpite. Il cambiamento dell’uso del suolo definisce la frangia rurale-urbana, che si trova nell’entroterra agricolo in via di sviluppo ed è caratterizzata in relazione alla città vicina. La Turchia mostra una forte asimmetria nelle dinamiche di distribuzione tra funzioni agricole e urbane. L’idea che l’urbanizzazione sia necessaria per la modernità è ciò che ha guidato il boom dell’urbanizzazione del Paese negli anni Cinquanta. La crisi economica del 2001 non ha fatto altro che alimentare ulteriormente questo slancio (Turk, 2016). Attualmente, è evidente che il paesaggio agricolo ha subito una trasformazione significativa con l’intrusione di turismo, attività industriali e funzioni residenziali. Al fine di affrontare la questione della desertificazione agricola, che è sorta come risultato della dualità rurale-urbana, dell’espansione urbana e di politiche di sviluppo rurale insufficienti, la ricerca esamina principalmente le dinamiche di cambiamento nel distretto di Cesme. Si concentra su 3 cambiamenti principali nel distretto. La prima sfida riguarda l’alterazione delle funzioni di uso del suolo nelle zone agricole altamente fertili a causa dell’urbanizzazione, che porta all’erosione dell’identità locale e del suolo. Il secondo problema è il deprezzamento delle economie agricole, guidato dalla crescita del settore immobiliare e delle costruzioni, influenzato dall’aumento della domanda di abitazioni secondarie in concomitanza con l’espansione dell’industria turistica. Questa crescita ha ostacolato la creazione di una collaborazione sostenibile tra turismo e agricoltura. L’ultima questione è l’adozione diffusa di tecniche agricole intensive e la meccanizzazione dell’agricoltura, che hanno portato a una diminuzione delle pratiche agricole tradizionali. Nell’affrontare le questioni identificate all’interno della tesi, l’obiettivo primario è quello di riformulare le strategie di soluzione utilizzate da vari Paesi, in particolare quelli dell’Unione Europea, per il distretto locale. Queste strategie mirano a preservare i suoli fertili e a scoraggiare la conversione delle funzioni agricole nell’ambito della pianificazione territoriale. Inoltre, la ricerca cerca di promuovere la sostenibilità economica ed ecologica dell’area stabilendo un rapporto armonioso ed equo tra attività agricole e turistiche, con un’attenzione particolare alla conservazione del paesaggio agricolo come bene locale prezioso. Infine, sostenendo le pratiche di agricoltura biologica e limitando l’intensificazione agricola, lo studio mira a mitigare le sfide ecologiche della regione e a rafforzare il localismo.
Regeneration of agricultural dynamics in urban fringe : strategic approaches for mitigating traditional agricultural decline: a focus on Izmir's multipotential hotspot, Cesme
Erdeger, Simay
2023/2024
Abstract
The boundaries between urban and rural areas are gradually disappearing as urban centers expand into formerly undeveloped areas after reaching saturation. This phenomena presents difficulties in economic, ecological, and sociological domains and threatens the traditional identity of rural areas and agricultural dynamics. Indeed, the urban fringe regions, which operate as buffers between urban and rural areas, are the most affected zones. Changing land use defines the rural-urban fringe, which is located in the developing agricultural hinterland and is characterized in relation to the neighboring city. Turkey demonstrates a strong asymmetry in the dynamics of distribution between agricultural and urban functions. The idea that urbanization is necessary for modernity is what drove the country’s urbanization boom in the 1950s. The 2001 economic crisis only served to fuel this momentum more (Turk, 2016). Presently, it is evident that the agricultural landscape, has undergone significant transformation with the intrusion of tourism, industrial activities, and residential functions. In order to address the issue of agricultural desertification which has arisen as a result of rural-urban duality, urban sprawl, and insufficient rural development policies the research primarily examines the shifting dynamics in Cesme, a case district. It focuses on 3 main chanllanges in the district. The initial challenge involves the alteration of land use functions in highly fertile agricultural zones due to urbanization, leading to the erosion of local identity and soil. The second issue is the depreciation of agricultural economies, driven by the real estate and construction sectors’ growth, influenced by the rising demand for secondary housing in tandem with the expanding tourism industry. This growth has hindered the establishment of a sustainable collaboration between tourism and agriculture. The last issue is the widespread adoption of intensive farming techniques and the mechanization of agriculture, which have led to a fall in traditional agricultural practices. In addressing the identified issues within the thesis, the primary aim is to reformulate solution strategies utilized by various countries, notably those within the European Union, for the local district. These strategies aim to preserve fertile soils and deter the conversion of agricultural functions within the framework of land use planning. Additionally, the research endeavors to foster economic and ecological sustainability in the area by establishing a harmonious and equitable relationship between agricultural and tourism activities, with a key focus on conserving the agricultural landscape as a valuable local asset. Finally, by advocating for organic farming practices and restraining agricultural intensification, the study aims to mitigate ecological challenges in the region and bolster localism.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/217601